An Introduction to Music Travel Culture
Edition: 2
Copyright: 2017
Edition: 2
Copyright: 2017
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Music Travel Culture was written and designed for the busy 21st century music student. Most of the textbook uses the outline rather than the paragraph approach of presenting information. One of the main purposes of the book is to give students information on instruments and skills needed to become better listeners in all kinds of music. Besides discussing music, the text also adds dimensions of travel and culture while explaining how all three are connected. No textbook would be complete without a discussion of how technology has advanced music, and this subject is included. Unit Nine is also very exciting in that it includes movie, cartoon and video game music.
Music Travel Culture provides interesting reading about composers’ lives, the different style periods and provides pictures with listening examples, all in one neat package. Each text comes with a subscription to Rhapsody, a great listening program. Unit Two gives the instructor and student plenty of hands on information about basic music writing. From Gregorian Chant, to Broadway Shows, modern day artists, this textbook provides lifelong knowledge for the music major and music appreciation student. The approach, organization and contents of this book represent a step forward from the traditional music appreciation text.
Acknowledgments
Book Purpose
Eight Surprising Ways Music Affects and Benefits Our Brains
Unit 1 Listening and the Basic Elements of Music
Unit Purpose
How Is a Musical Composition Put Together And How Does It Become Popular?
What Is Music?
How Do We Listen?
What Do We Listen For? The overall answer is, THE ARRANGEMENT!
Diagram of the Orchestra Seating Plan
The Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra (1946) Op.34
Instruments and Voices (Timbre or Tone Color)
The Four Sections of the Orchestra
Woodwinds
Brass: Trumpet, Trombone, French Horn, Baritone Horn (Euphonium), and the Tuba
Percussion
More Mallet Percussion
The Saxophones
The Keyboards
The Guitar
The Four Sections of a Chorus: Soprano, Alto, Tenor, and Bass
Small Ensembles
Summary of Unit 1 Terms
Summary of the Listeners Toolbox (What do I Listen for?)
Pertinent Questions
Listening Chart
Listening Assessment Sheet
Study Sheet for Unit 1 Test
Unit 1 Listening Box Playlist
Unit 2 Basic Music Writing
Unit Purpose
The Staff
The Staff - Treble Clef
Musical Words – Treble Clef I
The Staff - Bass Clef
Musical Words – Bass Clef I
Treble Clef – Ledger Lines
Bass Clef – Ledger Lines
The Grand Staff
Time Signatures – 4/4
Time Signature – 3/4
Time Signatures – 2/4
Time Signatures – 2/2,
Rests
Notes and Rests
Eighth Notes and Eighth Rests
Slurs and Ties
Stems
Intervals I
Sharps and Flats I
Sharps, Flats and Naturals
Enharmonic Notes I
Enharmonic Notes II
Half Steps and Whole Steps I
The Circle of Fifths I –
The Circle of Fifths III –
Major Scale Ia –
Major Scales and Key Signatures IIa –
Major Scale Ia –
Major Scales and Key Signatures IIa –
Summary of Unit 2 Terms
Unit 3 Understanding Music History and Style Changes
Unit Purpose
Chapter 1: Middle Ages, Medieval, “Dark Ages” (450–1450)
Gregorian Chant (Plainsong or Plainchant) and Pope Gregory 1 (590–604)
The Mass
Ninth Century: Polyphony (Organum)—The Beginning of Harmony
Twelfth Century—The School of Notre-Dame
To the Listener
Melisma or Melismatic
The Motet
The Madrigal
Middle Ages and Secular Music (Nonreligious)
The Minstrels (Tenth Century, France
The Troubadours (Twelfth Century, France
The Trouvères (Twelfth to Thirteenth Centuries, France
The Minnesingers (Twelfth to Fourteenth Centuries, Germany)
The Meistersingers (Fourteenth to Sixteenth Centuries, Germany)
Hans Sachs, Leader of the Meistersinger School, Sixteenth Century
Some Instruments from the Middle Ages
Summary of Unit 3, Chapter 1 Terms and Study Sheet
Unit 3, Chapter 1 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 2: The Renaissance (1450–1600)
Musical Forms in the Renaissance
The Renaissance Madrigal
The Music: Italy
Giovanni da Palestrina (c.1525–1594
The Renaissance Motet
The Music: The Franco-Flemish School
The Music: England
Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonnarti Simoni (1475–1564)
Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci (1452–1519)
William Shakespeare (Baptized April, 1564–1616
Summary of Unit 3, Chapter 2 Terms and Study Sheet
Unit 3, Chapter 2 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 3: The Baroque (1600–1750)
Giovanni Gabrieli (c.1554/1557–1612)
George Frideric Handel (1685–1759) the Oratorio and Opera
The Oratorio (Meaning a Small Prayer Chapel Where These Works Were Performed)
Opera
Claudio Monteverdi (1567–1643)
Cantata
Castrato
Antonio Vivaldi (1678–1741) “maestro de’ concerti,” master of the concerto
The Concerto
Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750)
Concerto Grosso
The Fugue
Construction of the Fugue Form (A-B-A)
Summary of Unit 3, Chapter 3 Terms and Study Sheet
Unit 3, Chapter 3 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 4: The Classical (1750–1820)
Music and Events at Court
Franz Joseph Haydn (1732–1809)
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791)
Popular Forms
The Plan
Theme and Variations
The Plan and Diagram
Overture Form
Rondo Form
Minuet Form
Symphony Form
Suggested Video
Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827)
To My Brothers Carl and Johann Beethoven
Summary of Unit 3, Chapter 4 Terms and Study Sheet
Unit 3, Chapter 4 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 5: The Romantic (1820–1900)
A Few Interesting Facts about Issues in the Romantic Era
Hector Berlioz (1803–1869)
Symphony Fantastique (1830), Hector Berlioz
Franz Schubert (1797–1828)
The Romantic Art Song
The Erlking
Felix Mendelsohn (1809–1847)
Fanny Mendelsohn Bartholdy Hensel (1805–1847)
Robert Schumann (1810–1856)
Clara Wieck Schumann (1819–1896)
Frederic Chopin (1810–1849)
Franz Liszt (1811–1886)
Johannes Brahms (1833–1897)
Richard Strauss (1864–1949)
Summary of Unit 3, Chapter 5 Terms and Study Sheet
Unit 3, Chapter 5 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 6: Nationalism in Music (As Part of Romanticism)
Alexander Borodin (1833–1887)
Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov (1844–1908)
Scheherezade, Rimsky-Korsakov (1888)
Story Synopsis
Pyotr (Peter) Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840–1893)
The 1812 Overture, Tchaikovsky (1882)
Summary of Unit 3, Chapter 6 Terms and Study Sheet
Unit 3, Chapter 6 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 7: Opera
Giuseppe Verdi (1813–1901)
Giacomo Puccini (1858–1924)
Turandot, Giacomo Puccini (1924)
Georges Bizet (1838–1875)
Richard Wagner (1813–1883)
Summary of Unit 3, Chapter 7 Terms and Study Sheet
Unit 3, Chapter 7 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 8: Impressionism (1880–1920)
Claude Debussy (de-byoo-see) (1862–1918)
Maurice Ravel (1875–1937)
Boléro (1928)
Summary of Unit 3, Chapter 8 Terms and Study Sheet
Unit 3, Chapter 8 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 9: Twentieth Century—Igor Stravinsky (1882—1971)
Compositional Techniques Used by Stravinsky and Their Meanings
Stravinsky Conducting, 1965
History of the Rite of Spring
The Rite of Spring, Igor Stravinsky, “Sacrificial Dance” From Part II: The Sacrifice
Summary of Unit 3, Chapter 9 Terms and Study Sheet
Unit 3, Chapter 9 Listening Box Playlist
Unit 4 Jazz
Unit Purpose
Chapter 1: Jazz Origins and New Orleans
Characteristics of Early Jazz: New Orleans
Scott Joplin (1867/1868–1917)
Social Functions: The Cakewalk
Gospel Music
The Blues
Some Famous Blues Musicians
Louis “Satchmo” Armstrong (1901–1971) and “B.B.” King (1925–2015)
Summary of Unit 4, Chapter 1 Terms and Study Sheet
Unit 4, Chapter 1 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 2: Chicago, the Golden Age of Jazz, 1920s
The Recording Industry
Notes on the Recording Process
The Jukebox
Stride Piano
Summary of Unit 4, Chapter 2 Terms and Study Sheet
Unit 4, Chapter 2 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 3: The Years When Swing Was King (The Big Band)
Composers and Musicians
Important General Information for This Era
The Four Sections of a Big Band
Glen Miller (1904–1944
Ella Fitzgerald (1917–1996
Summary of Unit 4, Chapter 3 Terms and Study Sheet
Unit 4, Chapter 3 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 4: Different Styles of Jazz After World War II
Composers and Musicians
Bebop and Modern Jazz
Some Popular Artists of This Style
West Coast Jazz
Some Popular Artists of This Style
“Avant Garde” or Free Style Jazz
Hard Bop
Jazz–Rock Fusion
Smooth Jazz
Jazz from the 1980s to Today
Latin Jazz
Summary of Unit 4, Chapter 4 Terms and Study Sheet
Unit 4, Chapter 4 Listening Box Playlist
Unit 5 Americana
Unit Purpose
Chapter 1: The National Anthem
The Star Spangled Banner
Chapter 2: American Composers
Ferde Grofé (1892–1972)
George Gershwin (1898–1937)
Rhapsody in Blue (1924)—Gershwin
Porgy and Bess (1935)—Gershwin
Aaron Copland (1900–1990)
Fanfare for the Common Man (1942)—Copland
Rodeo—Ballet (1942)—Copland
Leonard Bernstein (1918–1990)
Candide (1956)—Bernstein
Summary of Unit 5, Chapters 1 and 2 Terms and Study Sheet
Unit 5, Chapters 1 and 2 Listening Box Playlist
Unit 6 Broadway Shows
Unit Purpose
Chapter 1: Early Beginnings
Florenz Ziegfield (1867–1932)
Unit 6, Chapter 1 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 2: Modern Broadway Shows (Musicals From the Early 1900s)
Early Broadway From the 1900s
Jerome Kern (1885–1945)
Cole Porter (1891–1964)
Richard Rodgers (1902–1979)
The Sound of Music by Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein (1959)
Unit 6, Chapter 2 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 3: Modern Broadway Shows (Musicals From the 1980s)
Cats by Andrew Lloyd Webber and Lyrics by T.S. Eliot, Trevor Nunn, and Richard Stilgoe (1982, Broadway)
Synopsis of Cats
Les Misérables by Claude-Michel Schönberg, Alain Boublil, and Jean-Marc Natel (1987)
Synopsis of Les Misérables
Bring in ‘da Noise, Bring in ‘da Funk (1995 Off Broadway–1996 Broadway)
Prominent Composers and Lyricists and Some of Their More Popular Shows
Unit 6, Chapter 3 Listening Box Playlist
Summary of Unit 6, Chapters 1–3 Terms and Study Sheet
Unit 7 Rock ‘n’ Roll—Top 40—Country—Gospel
Unit Purpose
Chapter 1: Early History and the 1950s and 1960s
The 1950s
The Rhythm and Blues Category
The Rockabilly Category
The Doo-Wop Category
The 1960s
The British Invasion—The Beatles
Girl Groups—The Supremes (Featuring Diana Ross)
Motown
Psychedelic Rock
Hard Rock—Heavy Metal
Unit 7, Chapter 1 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 2: The 1970s and 1980s
Unit 7, Chapter 2 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 3: The 1990s and 2000s
Unit 7, Chapter 3 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 4: Country Music
Older Recordings
Newer Recordings
Unit 7, Chapter 4 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 5: Gospel Music
Unit 7, Chapter 5 Listening Box Playlist
Summary of Unit 7, Chapters 1–5 Terms and Study Sheet
Unit 8 Artists of the Day, Past and Present
Unit Purpose
Chapter 1: Artists of the Past
What Do We Find in This Period?
Frank Sinatra (1915–1998)
Nat King Cole (1919–1965)
Ray Charles (1930–2004)
Sammy Davis Jr. (1925–1990)
Whitney Houston (1963–2012)
Unit 8, Chapter 1 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 2: Artists of the Present
Beyoncé Knowles (1981-)
Taylor Swift (1989-)
Selena Gomez (1992–)
Justin Timberlake (1981–)
Lady Gaga (1986–)
Unit 8, Chapter 2 Listening Box Playlist
Summary of Unit 8, Chapters 1–2 Terms and Study Sheet
Unit 9 Movie, Cartoon, and Video Game Music
Unit Purpose
Chapter 1: The Movies
Hollywood’s Golden Age (1930–1959)
Max Steiner (1888–1971)
Dimitri Tiomkin (1894–1979)
Film Animation and Music
Walt Disney (1901–1966)
Pixar
DreamWorks and DreamWorks Animation
Composers and Movie Scores After the Golden Age
Henry Mancini (1924–1994)
Jerry Goldsmith (1929–2004)
Quincy Jones (1933–)
Hans Zimmer (1957–)
John Williams (1932–)
Unit 9 Chapter 1 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 2: Cartoons: More Film Animation and Music
Chapter 3: Video Game Music
Unit 9 Chapters 2 and 3 Listening Box Playlists
Summary of Unit 9, Chapters 1-2-3 Terms and Study Sheet
Unit 10 Electronic, Experimental, and Atonal Music
Unit Purpose
Chapter 1: Electronic Music
What Do We Find in This Period?
A Modern Day Theremin
Electronic Music
DJ Mixer with Headphones Audio Equalizer
Unit 10, Chapter 1 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 2: Experimental Music
Unconventional Elements of Experimental Music
A Howling Banshee
IRCAM
Unit 10, Chapter 2 Listening Box Playlist
Chapter 3: Atonality Arnold Schoenberg (1874–1951)
Schoenberg and the Twelve-Tone Row
Anton Webern (1883–1945)
Steve Reich (1936–)
Come Out—Steve Reich (1965)
Unit 10, Chapter 3 Listening Box Playlist
Summary of Unit 10, Chapters 1–3 Terms and Study Sheet
Summary of Listeners Toolbox:
Unit 11 Additional Paper Assignments
Amadeus, Immortal Beloved Reports
DeLovely, Ray Reports
A Critique of Three Popular Songs
Compare and Contrast—Berlioz and Stravinsky
Compare and Contrast—Mozart and Beethoven
An Additional Listening List
Glossary
Index