Biomechanics of Human Movement & Sport
Edition: 2
Copyright: 2019
Pages: 218
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Whether participating in competitive athletics or recreationally, most of us will try to perform at our best. To do so, we will attempt to move our bodies with task-specific patterns to reach activity-related goals. For example, to perform a quick move and deceive an opponent, a specific pattern of acceleration of the body will be one such factor (of many) that will determine the success of the movement. As observers, we see this movement in the speed and direction (velocity) of the body.
Biomechanics of Human Movement & Sport presents a mechanical foundation for the analysis of human movement through the environment. It illustrates the mechanical relationships between factors from a qualitative and quantitative perspective. In this way, force and motion concepts can be investigated in isolation and from a global perspective.
It includes an introduction into the world of biomechanics, the fundamental tools of biomechanical modeling and discusses two forces – gravity and muscle. In addition, it presents the laws of motion, which encourage students to analyze the causal link between forces and motion.
The publication helps readers to visualize the physical world from a biomechanical perspective. It introduces examples in the physical world and then includes a graphical model.
Preface
CHAPTER 1 Introduction
Mechanical Kinesiology
Biomechanics
The Study of Biomechanics
Sports Biomechanics Research
General Areas of Biomechanical Applications
Instrumentation to Measure Biomechanical Quantities
Using Biomechanical Data—A Kinesiological Analysis
CHAPTER 2 Biomechanical Tools
Mechanical Representation of Space (The Environment)—2-D Coordinate Systems
Mechanical Representation of Physical Quantities—Vectors
Biomechanical Modeling—Graphical and Trigonometric Analysis of Vectors
Mechanical Representation of the Objects in the Physical World—Free-Body Diagrams
CHAPTER 3 An Introduction to Forces: Gravity and Muscle Force
Vector Properties of Gravity and Muscle Force
Newton’s Laws of Motion
CHAPTER 4 Forces That Modify Motion: Friction
Factors Affecting Friction
Modeling Friction
Application of Friction
CHAPTER 5 Forces That Modify Motion: Fluid Forces
Static Fluid Forces—Buoyancy
Dynamic Fluid Forces—Drag and Lift
CHAPTER 6 Classifications of Motion
Linear Motion
Angular Motion
General Motion
Factors That Determine the Kind of Motion
CHAPTER 7 Kinematics of Linear Motion
Position (s)
Instantaneous Kinematics
Relationship between Acceleration, Velocity, and Speed
Uniform Acceleration
CHAPTER 8 Applied Linear Kinematics: The 100-Meter Dash
Acceleration During Selected Phases of a 100-Meter Race
CHAPTER 9 Applied Linear Kinematics: Projectile Motion
The Force Phase
The Projectile Phase
CHAPTER 10 Applications of Projectile Motion: Humans as Projectiles
Applications of Humans as Projectiles
CHAPTER 11 Linear Kinetics: Newton’s Laws of Motion
Newton’s 1st Law—The Law of Inertia
Newton’s 2nd Law—The Law of Acceleration
Newton’s 3rd Law—The Law of Action-Reaction
CHAPTER 12 Momentum
Impulse-Momentum
CHAPTER 13 Impacts
The Conservation of Linear Momentum
Elasticity and the Coefficient of Restitution
CHAPTER 14 Angular Kinematics
Units of Measurement
Relative versus Absolute Angles
Average versus Instantaneous Angular Kinematics
Relationship between Angular Acceleration, Velocity, and Speed
The Relationship between Linear and Angular Motion
CHAPTER 15 Angular Kinetics
Torque
Newton’s Laws and Rotational Equivalents
Angular Momentum
Applications of Angular Momentum
CHAPTER 16 Equilibrium and Stability
Types of Equilibrium
Stability
Mechanical Principles of Stability
CHAPTER 17 Work, Power, and Energy
Work
Energy
APPENDIX A Pressure and Pressure Gradients
Applications
Pressure Gradients