Clinical Biochemistry for Health Science Students
Edition: 2
Copyright: 2017
Pages: 254
Edition: 2
Copyright: 2017
Pages: 254
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An effective health sciences curriculum stimulates the student to progressively assemble a professional knowledge base. Biochemistry, especially when emphasizing the clinical application of the science, provides a solid foundation for future professional course work, including the subjects of pathophysiology, pharmacology, toxicology, clinical medicine, and therapeutics.
Clinical Biochemistry for Health Science Students provides a basic introduction to biochemistry for the health science practitioner. Beginning with the basics of solution chemistry and organic functional groups, the book paints a picture of the overall interplay between the metabolism of carbohydrate, lipid, and protein fuels found in the diet, and how these fuels are stored then used by the body under different conditions. Particular emphasis is placed on how these processes are altered in diabetic patients, or in patients who are attempting to lose weight using new fad diets.
CHAPTER 1 Approaching Professional Coursework in a Health
Sciences Curriculum
Textbook Format
The Professional Curriculum
and Clinical Biochemistry
The Professional Health Sciences Student
Learning Approaches in Professional
and Health Science Courses
Practice Problems for Chapter
CHAPTER 2 A Review of Biological and Chemical Concepts
Basic Biology Review: Cell Structure
Chemical Bonding in Biological Systems
and in Drug Molecules
Organic Functional Groups and Basic Nomenclature
Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
Acyl Linkages
The Chemistry of Aqueous Solutions: Acids, Bases, and Buffers
Learning Objectives for Chapter 2
Practice Problems for Chapter 2
Final Answers for Chapter 2 Numerical Problems
CHAPTER 3 The Structures of Biomolecules
Peptides and Proteins
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Nucleosides, Nucleotides, and Nucleic Acids
Nucleoside Triphosphates as High Energy Molecules
Learning Objectives for Chapter 3
Practice Problems for Chapter 3
CHAPTER 4 Peptides and Proteins
Amino Acids
Protein Conformation
Protein Function
The Stability of Proteins
Methods for the Characterization
and Handling of Proteins
Clinical Signifi cance of Measuring Protein Levels
Learning Objectives for Chapter 4
Practice Problems for Chapter 4
CHAPTER 5 Enzymes and Enzyme Function
Enzyme Nomenclature
Enzyme Active Sites, Regulation, and Role as Catalysts
The Michaelis-Menten Model
Enzyme Inhibition
Monitoring Enzyme Levels
Learning Objectives for Chapter 5
Practice Problems for Chapter 5
CHAPTER 6 Coenzymes and Vitamins
Coenzymes, Prosthetic Groups, and Vitamins
Water-Soluble Vitamins and Their Coenzyme Forms
Fat-Soluble Vitamins
Reference Materials
Learning Objectives for Chapter 6
Practice Problems for Chapter 6
CHAPTER 7 Introduction to Metabolism
An Overview of Metabolism
Catabolic and Anabolic Pathways
Regulation of Metabolism
Learning Objectives for Chapter 7
Practice Problems for Chapter 7
CHAPTER 8 Carbohydrate Metabolism
Glycolysis
The Fates of Pyruvate
The Citric Acid or Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle
The Electron Transport Chain, ATPase, and Oxidative
Phosphorylation
Gluconeogenesis
The Pentose Phosphate Pathway
Glycogen Structure, Synthesis, and Degradation
Learning Objectives for Chapter 8
Practice Problems for Chapter 8
CHAPTER 9 Lipid Metabolism
Fatty Acid Beta-Oxidation
Ketone Bodies
Fatty Acid Synthesis
Regulation of Fatty Acid Metabolism
Triglycerides and Membrane Phospholipids
Sphingolipids
Cholesterol Metabolism
Enterohepatic Cycling of Cholesterol
Lipoprotein Classifi cation and Function
Diseases of Lipid Metabolism
Learning Objectives for Chapter 9
Practice Problems for Chapter 9
CHAPTER 10 Amino Acid Metabolism
Ketogenic and Glucogenic Amino Acids
The Urea Cycle
Inborn Errors of Amino Acid Metabolism
Nitrogen Balance and Clinical Tests
Synthesis of Amino Acids
Essential and Non-Essential Amino Acids
Other Important Molecules Synthesized
from Amino Acids
Homocysteine and Coronary Heart Disease
Learning Objectives for Chapter 10
Practice Problems for Chapter 10
CHAPTER 11 Nucleotide Metabolism
Synthesis of Purine Nucleotides
Synthesis of Pyrimidine Bases and Nucleotides
Synthesis of Deoxyribonucleotides
Degradation of Nucleotides
Nucleotide Salvage
Learning Objectives for Chapter 11
Practice Problems for Chapter 11
CHAPTER 12 Integration and Overview of Intermediary
Metabolism
Goals, Strategies, and Regulation of Metabolism
Introduction to Insulin and the Fed State
Introduction to Glucagon and the Fasting State
Epinephrine and Its Effects on Muscle
The Whole Body View of Metabolism
Starvation and Dieting
Diabetes Mellitus
Laboratory Tests for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Diabetes
Mellitus
Learning Objectives for Chapter 12
Practice Problems for Chapter 12
CHAPTER 13 Hormones, Neurotransmitters, and Other Signaling
Molecules
Chemical Categorization of Hormones
Paracrine Agents and Neurotransmitters
Receptors for Signaling Molecules
and Mechanisms of Signal Transduction
Learning Objectives for Chapter 13
Practice Problems for Chapter 13
CHAPTER 14 Blood Chemistry
Components of the Blood, Acid-Base Balance, and Fluid
Electrolytes
Plasma Proteins
Oxygen-Transport Proteins
ABO Substances and the Rh Factor
Hemostasis
Hematopoietic Growth Factors
Learning Objectives for Chapter 14
Practice Problems for Chapter 14
CHAPTER 15 DNA Structure, Replication, and Function
Review of DNA Structure
DNA Replication
Supercoiling and Chromosomal Structure
Telomeres and Telomerase
Origins of Mutations
Learning Objectives for Chapter 15
Practice Problems for Chapter 15
CHAPTER 16 RNA and Transcription
RNA Composition, Synthesis, and Function
Control of Transcription
Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA in Humans
Transcription Inhibitors
Acknowledgement
Learning Objectives for Chapter 16
Practice Problems for Chapter 16
CHAPTER 17 Protein Synthesis
Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetases
The Translation Process and Machinery
The Genetic Code
Mutation and Its Effects on Protein Synthesis
Post-Translational Processing and Folding of Proteins
Protein Turnover
Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis
Acknowledgement
Learning Objectives for Chapter 17
Practice Problems for Chapter 17
CHAPTER 18 Introduction to Oncogenic Disease
Introduction to Oncogenesis
Introduction to Cytotoxic Chemotherapy Agents
Targeted Anticancer Therapies
Acknowledgement
Learning Objectives for Chapter 18
Practice Problems for Chapter 18