Ethics

CHAPTER I What Is an Ethical Theory? 
The Obvious and the Nonobvious
Truth, Facts, and Opinions
Why Fact and Opinion Cannot Be Mutually Exclusive? 
Testing Moral Theories 

CHAPTER 2 Subjective, Relative, and Objective Morality
Problematic Ethical Theories 
Moral Subjectivism
Moral Relativism
Objective Morality 

CHAPTER 3 Moral Authority
Morality and Legality
Moral Motivation
The Euthyphro Dilemma
Appeals to Moral Authority 
Summary 

CHAPTER 4 Consequentialism
What Matters and To Whom? 
Adding It Up
Motivation and Intention
Summary 

CHAPTER 5 Classical Utilitarianism
Notable Features of Classical Utilitarianism 
Consequentialism, Hedonism, Optimificity
Moral Impartiality
Bentham’s Hedonistic Calculus
Objections to Utilitarianism

CHAPTER 6 Kantian Non-Consequentialism
Kantian Moral Vocabulary
Universalizability
Ends, Not Mere Means
The Dire Consequences Objection 
Conflicts of Duties

CHAPTER 7 Pluralist Non-Consequentialism
Monism vs. Pluralism 
In Favor of Pluralism 
Ross’s Moral Theory
A Lack of Guidance

CHAPTER 8 Virtue Ethics
Ancient Origins, Recent Resurgence 
What Virtue Ethics Can Uniquely Address
Moral Saints
Aristotle’s Virtue Ethics 
Applying Virtue Ethics 
Virtuous Villains
The Relativist Challenge

CHAPTER 9 Taking Right and Wrong Seriously
Reasoning in Reverse 
Analysis Paralysis 
Taking the Categories of Right and Wrong Seriously 

APPENDIX I Taking Right and Wrong Seriously

APPENDIX II On a Supposed Right to Tell Lies from Benevolent Motives