GenderSpeak: Communicating in a Gendered World
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The World of Gender and Communication is Constantly Changing.
To meet the needs of this evolving environment, Diana K. Ivy’s GenderSpeak is divided into a three-part structure: Communication and Gender: The Basics; Gender Communication and Relationships; and Gender Communication in Context.
Written for students in undergraduate and graduate level courses that focus on the effects of sex and gender on the communication process or as a supplement to interpersonal communication courses.
The New Seventh Edition of GenderSpeak: Communicating in a Gendered World:
- Is Diverse! A Different Voice vignettes provide additional viewpoints and experiences from the author’s colleagues, friends, and former students.
- Is Practical! The publication features updated research and information from popular literature from a wide variety of contexts (friendships, romantic relationships, media, internet, workplace, etc.).
- Is Current! The title integrates an in-depth discussion of language, new and broadened information about intersex, asexual, and transgender identities, and an updated discussion of pornography and new media.
- Promotes Comprehension! Case Studies, Hot Topics, Net Notes, and Remember vignettes assess comprehension and help the reader connect theory to real-life scenarios.
- Is Easy to Adopt! Visual aids, chapter outlines, lecture notes, and test items are provided to adopting instructors.
PREFACE
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
PROLOGUE: The Impact of Social Movements on Gender Communication: You Must Know Where You’ve Been to Know Where You’re Going
Learning “Herstory”
Men, Education, and Women—in That Order
The First Wave of Feminism
Enter “Rosie the Riveter”
The Civil Rights Movement
The Sexual Revolution
The Second Wave of Feminism
No Such Thing as “THE” Feminists
The Third Wave of Feminism
Contemporary Efforts: Evidence of a Fourth Wave?
The Women’s March on Washington
#MeToo and Time’s Up
What About “His Story”?
Early Male Supporters of Women’s Rights
Effects of the Sexual Revolution on Men
Men Raised Consciousness Too
Fathers’ Movements
There Were Some “Wild Men” Out There
The Million Man March
Keeping Those Promises
Gender Communication: Looking Forward
References
PART I: COMMUNICATION AND GENDER: THE BASICS
CHAPTER 1: Talking the Talk and Walking the Walk: Becoming a Better Gender Communicator
Hot Topics
What is Gender Communication?
Gender Jargon
Rethinking Sex and Gender
Gender Identity, Androgyny, and Sexual Orientation
Feminism and Sexism
Communication: A Complex Human Process
Becoming Receiver-Oriented in Your Communication
Conclusion
Discussion Starters
References
CHAPTER 2: Gender Identity Development: Biological, Social, and Cultural Influences
Hot Topics
How You Develop Your Identity
Fundamentals of Identity Development
Masculinity and Femininity Revisited
The Changing Face of Masculinity
The Changing Face of Femininity
The Effects of Social Interpretations of Biological Sex on Identity
“Innies” and “Outies”: Social Interpretations of Anatomical Differences
Social Interpretations of “Raging” Hormones
Mind Over Matter: Are Men’s and Women’s Brains Really Different?
Social Influences on Psychological Gender Identity
Learning to Be Humans
Socialization and Gender Identity Development
The Family as a Primary Socializing Agent
Secondary Agents of Socialization
Gender and Culture
Culture Considered
When Aspects of Identity Intersect
Conclusion
Discussion Starters
References
CHAPTER 3: Choosing and Using Gendered Language
Hot Topics
Choosing Your Language
What is Language? What is Sexist Language?
Why Use Nonsexist (Gender-Fair) Language?
Reason 1: Nonsexist Language Demonstrates Sensitivity
Reason 2: Nonsexist Language Reflects Nonsexist Attitudes
Reason 3: Nonsexist Language Is Basic to the Receiver Orientation to Communication
Reason 4: Nonsexist Language Is Contemporary
Reason 5: Nonsexist Language Strengthens Expression
New Language for Gender Identity
Sexist Language: Forms, Practices, and Alternatives
Forms of Sexist Language
Sexist Linguistic Practices
Using Language: Once You Choose It, How Do You Use It?
Vocal Properties and Linguistic Constructions
Conclusion
Discussion Starters
References
CHAPTER 4: Catching a Clue: Nonverbal Communication and Gender
Hot Topics
The Sexes and Nonverbal Communication Codes
Intersections: Gender, Nonverbal, and Relational Communication
Relationship Initiation
Relationship Maintenance
Relational Conflict and Termination
Nonverbal Cues and Sexuality
Sexuality, Sexual Orientation, and Gaydar
Conclusion
Discussion Starters
References
PART II: GENDER COMMUNICATION AND RELATIONSHIPS
CHAPTER 5: Gender and Relationships: Developing Potential into Reality
Hot Topics
Better Information = Better Choices
Relationship Roadblocks
Roadblock 1: High Expectations
Roadblock 2: This Should Be Easy
Roadblock 3: Fear of Failure
Roadblock 4: If I Just Relax, a Good Relationship Will Find Me
Roadblock 5: Weighed Down by Baggage
Roadblock 6: It’s Got to Happen Now!
Roadblock 7: Giving Up Too Much Just to Have a Dating Relationship
Roadblock 8: Fear of Missing Out
Stage 1: Is there a Relationship Gold Mine Out There? Prospecting and Being a Prospect
Seeing and Being Seen
Not Being Seen: Prospecting Online
Being Attracted to a Prospect
Stage 2: Engaging the Prospect—Conversations
Digging in and Discovering More
Stage 3: Developing the Claim and Establishing the Relationship
Opening a New Vein: Intimacy and Self-Disclosure
The Big “E”: Empathy
Are You Listening?
Listening Styles and the Sexes
Conclusion
Discussion Starters
References
CHAPTER 6: Friends and Lovers: Gender Communication in Key Relationships
Hot Topics
Friendship: A Single Soul in Two Bodies
Learning to Be Friends
The Challenge of Friendship: Same-Sex Vs. Cross-Sex Vs. Other-Gender?
Male–Male Friendship
Female–Female Friendship
Other-Gender Friendship: Being “Just Friends”
Being “Just Friends” (With Benefits?)
The Parasocial Relationship
Ah, Love and Romance (and Gender)
The Language of Romance
The Pressure to Partner
Relational Tensions
Autonomy Versus Connection
Power Versus Empowerment
Acceptance Versus Change
Comparable Views of Intimacy
Expressions of Love
Making a Commitment
Conflict: The Inevitable in a Relationship
Ending a Relationship
Who Does the Breaking Up?
Communicating to End a Relationship
Gender Issues Surrounding Sexual Activity
Sexual Activity: Attitudes and Options
Communication and Sexual Activity
Conclusion
Discussion Starters
References
CHAPTER 7: Power Abuses in Human Relationships
Not-So-Hot Topics
At the Center of Abusive Situations: Communicating Power
The Changing Language of Sexual Violence
Facts about Sexual Assault and Rape
Blaming Oneself
Slip ’Em a Mickey: Date Rape Drugs
Bystander Intervention Programs
Who Are the Rapists?
Common Myths about Rape
Communicating Consent: The Core of Sexual Safety
Partner Violence
The Changing Language of Partner Violence
Facts about Intimate Partner Violence
Common Myths about Battering
Abused Partners: How Do They Stand It? Why Do They Stay?
What Do I Do? How Can I Help?
Conclusion
Discussion Starters
References
PART III: GENDER COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT
CHAPTER 8: Pictures, Porn, and Pop: Gender and Media
Hot Topics
The Power of Mediated Communication: Effects on Our Lives
A Bombardment of Media
Approaches to Studying the Effects of Media Consumption
A Different Voice
Advertising: Selling a Product or Selling Sexism?
Babes in Bras: Female Depiction in Advertising
Studs in Suits: Male Depiction in Advertising
LGBTQ Depiction in Advertising
Lessons from the Small Screen: Television and Gender
Gender & Scripted Television Programming
Gender & “Reality” Television Programming
Lessons from the Big Screen: Film and Gender
Gender in the Movies
The Communicative Power of Pornography
Pornography: Definitions and Controversy
Readily Accessible Pornography
The Crux of the Matter: Pornography Is Personal
We Could Make Beautiful Music Together . . .
From Pop to Rock to Rap to Hip-Hop to Country: Gender, Song Lyrics, and Music Video
Gender and New Media
Online Identity and Gender
Disembodiment: Virtual Versus “Real” Bodies
Gendered Gaming
Conclusion
Discussion Starters
References
CHAPTER 9: Gender in the Workplace: The Challenges of Talking Shop
Hot Topics
Gendered Reality in the Workplace
Getting That All-Important Job
Gender and the Job interview
On the Job and Moving Up
Advancement within an Organization
Gendered Management/Leadership
Attention? Complimenting? Flirting? Sexual Harassment?
Sexual Harassment: The Basics
Initial Reactions to Sexual Harassment
Subsequent Responses to Harassment
A Parting Word about Sexual Harassment
Conclusion
Discussion Starters
References
CHAPTER 10: A “Class Act”: Gender Communication in Educational Settings
Hot Topics
Children’s Literature: Lessons about Gender
Fairy Tales, Nursery Rhymes, and Gender
Gender in Children’s Books
Educational Expectations and Gender Bias in the Classroom
Expectations about Academic Achievement: The Early Years
Expectations about Academic Achievement: The College Years
Gender Communication and the College Classroom
Sexual Harassment in the Hallowed Halls
Peer Sexual Harassment: Classmates Will Be Classmates?
Paying It Upward: Contrapower Sexual Harassment
Conclusion
Discussion Starters
References
Author Index
Subject Index
Diana K. Ivy, Ph.D., Professor of Communication at Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, has been teaching communication at the university level for 40 years, including undergraduate and graduate courses in gender, nonverbal, interpersonal, instructional communication, as well as communication and sexuality. She has co-authored two other textbooks, Communication: Principles for a Lifetime and Nonverbal Communication for a Lifetime, both in multiple editions, and has published articles in Communication Education, Southern Communication Journal, and Women & Language. She was Speaker of the Faculty Senate and Director of the Women’s Center at her university, has held multiple offices in the National Communication Association, and was named Outstanding Gender Scholar of the Year by the Southern States Communication Association. She was a guest contributor to Cosmopolitan magazine, hosted a call-in talk radio show, “Call Me Ivy,” and completed post-doctoral coursework at Oxford University, studying C. S. Lewis and communication.
The World of Gender and Communication is Constantly Changing.
To meet the needs of this evolving environment, Diana K. Ivy’s GenderSpeak is divided into a three-part structure: Communication and Gender: The Basics; Gender Communication and Relationships; and Gender Communication in Context.
Written for students in undergraduate and graduate level courses that focus on the effects of sex and gender on the communication process or as a supplement to interpersonal communication courses.
The New Seventh Edition of GenderSpeak: Communicating in a Gendered World:
- Is Diverse! A Different Voice vignettes provide additional viewpoints and experiences from the author’s colleagues, friends, and former students.
- Is Practical! The publication features updated research and information from popular literature from a wide variety of contexts (friendships, romantic relationships, media, internet, workplace, etc.).
- Is Current! The title integrates an in-depth discussion of language, new and broadened information about intersex, asexual, and transgender identities, and an updated discussion of pornography and new media.
- Promotes Comprehension! Case Studies, Hot Topics, Net Notes, and Remember vignettes assess comprehension and help the reader connect theory to real-life scenarios.
- Is Easy to Adopt! Visual aids, chapter outlines, lecture notes, and test items are provided to adopting instructors.
PREFACE
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
PROLOGUE: The Impact of Social Movements on Gender Communication: You Must Know Where You’ve Been to Know Where You’re Going
Learning “Herstory”
Men, Education, and Women—in That Order
The First Wave of Feminism
Enter “Rosie the Riveter”
The Civil Rights Movement
The Sexual Revolution
The Second Wave of Feminism
No Such Thing as “THE” Feminists
The Third Wave of Feminism
Contemporary Efforts: Evidence of a Fourth Wave?
The Women’s March on Washington
#MeToo and Time’s Up
What About “His Story”?
Early Male Supporters of Women’s Rights
Effects of the Sexual Revolution on Men
Men Raised Consciousness Too
Fathers’ Movements
There Were Some “Wild Men” Out There
The Million Man March
Keeping Those Promises
Gender Communication: Looking Forward
References
PART I: COMMUNICATION AND GENDER: THE BASICS
CHAPTER 1: Talking the Talk and Walking the Walk: Becoming a Better Gender Communicator
Hot Topics
What is Gender Communication?
Gender Jargon
Rethinking Sex and Gender
Gender Identity, Androgyny, and Sexual Orientation
Feminism and Sexism
Communication: A Complex Human Process
Becoming Receiver-Oriented in Your Communication
Conclusion
Discussion Starters
References
CHAPTER 2: Gender Identity Development: Biological, Social, and Cultural Influences
Hot Topics
How You Develop Your Identity
Fundamentals of Identity Development
Masculinity and Femininity Revisited
The Changing Face of Masculinity
The Changing Face of Femininity
The Effects of Social Interpretations of Biological Sex on Identity
“Innies” and “Outies”: Social Interpretations of Anatomical Differences
Social Interpretations of “Raging” Hormones
Mind Over Matter: Are Men’s and Women’s Brains Really Different?
Social Influences on Psychological Gender Identity
Learning to Be Humans
Socialization and Gender Identity Development
The Family as a Primary Socializing Agent
Secondary Agents of Socialization
Gender and Culture
Culture Considered
When Aspects of Identity Intersect
Conclusion
Discussion Starters
References
CHAPTER 3: Choosing and Using Gendered Language
Hot Topics
Choosing Your Language
What is Language? What is Sexist Language?
Why Use Nonsexist (Gender-Fair) Language?
Reason 1: Nonsexist Language Demonstrates Sensitivity
Reason 2: Nonsexist Language Reflects Nonsexist Attitudes
Reason 3: Nonsexist Language Is Basic to the Receiver Orientation to Communication
Reason 4: Nonsexist Language Is Contemporary
Reason 5: Nonsexist Language Strengthens Expression
New Language for Gender Identity
Sexist Language: Forms, Practices, and Alternatives
Forms of Sexist Language
Sexist Linguistic Practices
Using Language: Once You Choose It, How Do You Use It?
Vocal Properties and Linguistic Constructions
Conclusion
Discussion Starters
References
CHAPTER 4: Catching a Clue: Nonverbal Communication and Gender
Hot Topics
The Sexes and Nonverbal Communication Codes
Intersections: Gender, Nonverbal, and Relational Communication
Relationship Initiation
Relationship Maintenance
Relational Conflict and Termination
Nonverbal Cues and Sexuality
Sexuality, Sexual Orientation, and Gaydar
Conclusion
Discussion Starters
References
PART II: GENDER COMMUNICATION AND RELATIONSHIPS
CHAPTER 5: Gender and Relationships: Developing Potential into Reality
Hot Topics
Better Information = Better Choices
Relationship Roadblocks
Roadblock 1: High Expectations
Roadblock 2: This Should Be Easy
Roadblock 3: Fear of Failure
Roadblock 4: If I Just Relax, a Good Relationship Will Find Me
Roadblock 5: Weighed Down by Baggage
Roadblock 6: It’s Got to Happen Now!
Roadblock 7: Giving Up Too Much Just to Have a Dating Relationship
Roadblock 8: Fear of Missing Out
Stage 1: Is there a Relationship Gold Mine Out There? Prospecting and Being a Prospect
Seeing and Being Seen
Not Being Seen: Prospecting Online
Being Attracted to a Prospect
Stage 2: Engaging the Prospect—Conversations
Digging in and Discovering More
Stage 3: Developing the Claim and Establishing the Relationship
Opening a New Vein: Intimacy and Self-Disclosure
The Big “E”: Empathy
Are You Listening?
Listening Styles and the Sexes
Conclusion
Discussion Starters
References
CHAPTER 6: Friends and Lovers: Gender Communication in Key Relationships
Hot Topics
Friendship: A Single Soul in Two Bodies
Learning to Be Friends
The Challenge of Friendship: Same-Sex Vs. Cross-Sex Vs. Other-Gender?
Male–Male Friendship
Female–Female Friendship
Other-Gender Friendship: Being “Just Friends”
Being “Just Friends” (With Benefits?)
The Parasocial Relationship
Ah, Love and Romance (and Gender)
The Language of Romance
The Pressure to Partner
Relational Tensions
Autonomy Versus Connection
Power Versus Empowerment
Acceptance Versus Change
Comparable Views of Intimacy
Expressions of Love
Making a Commitment
Conflict: The Inevitable in a Relationship
Ending a Relationship
Who Does the Breaking Up?
Communicating to End a Relationship
Gender Issues Surrounding Sexual Activity
Sexual Activity: Attitudes and Options
Communication and Sexual Activity
Conclusion
Discussion Starters
References
CHAPTER 7: Power Abuses in Human Relationships
Not-So-Hot Topics
At the Center of Abusive Situations: Communicating Power
The Changing Language of Sexual Violence
Facts about Sexual Assault and Rape
Blaming Oneself
Slip ’Em a Mickey: Date Rape Drugs
Bystander Intervention Programs
Who Are the Rapists?
Common Myths about Rape
Communicating Consent: The Core of Sexual Safety
Partner Violence
The Changing Language of Partner Violence
Facts about Intimate Partner Violence
Common Myths about Battering
Abused Partners: How Do They Stand It? Why Do They Stay?
What Do I Do? How Can I Help?
Conclusion
Discussion Starters
References
PART III: GENDER COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT
CHAPTER 8: Pictures, Porn, and Pop: Gender and Media
Hot Topics
The Power of Mediated Communication: Effects on Our Lives
A Bombardment of Media
Approaches to Studying the Effects of Media Consumption
A Different Voice
Advertising: Selling a Product or Selling Sexism?
Babes in Bras: Female Depiction in Advertising
Studs in Suits: Male Depiction in Advertising
LGBTQ Depiction in Advertising
Lessons from the Small Screen: Television and Gender
Gender & Scripted Television Programming
Gender & “Reality” Television Programming
Lessons from the Big Screen: Film and Gender
Gender in the Movies
The Communicative Power of Pornography
Pornography: Definitions and Controversy
Readily Accessible Pornography
The Crux of the Matter: Pornography Is Personal
We Could Make Beautiful Music Together . . .
From Pop to Rock to Rap to Hip-Hop to Country: Gender, Song Lyrics, and Music Video
Gender and New Media
Online Identity and Gender
Disembodiment: Virtual Versus “Real” Bodies
Gendered Gaming
Conclusion
Discussion Starters
References
CHAPTER 9: Gender in the Workplace: The Challenges of Talking Shop
Hot Topics
Gendered Reality in the Workplace
Getting That All-Important Job
Gender and the Job interview
On the Job and Moving Up
Advancement within an Organization
Gendered Management/Leadership
Attention? Complimenting? Flirting? Sexual Harassment?
Sexual Harassment: The Basics
Initial Reactions to Sexual Harassment
Subsequent Responses to Harassment
A Parting Word about Sexual Harassment
Conclusion
Discussion Starters
References
CHAPTER 10: A “Class Act”: Gender Communication in Educational Settings
Hot Topics
Children’s Literature: Lessons about Gender
Fairy Tales, Nursery Rhymes, and Gender
Gender in Children’s Books
Educational Expectations and Gender Bias in the Classroom
Expectations about Academic Achievement: The Early Years
Expectations about Academic Achievement: The College Years
Gender Communication and the College Classroom
Sexual Harassment in the Hallowed Halls
Peer Sexual Harassment: Classmates Will Be Classmates?
Paying It Upward: Contrapower Sexual Harassment
Conclusion
Discussion Starters
References
Author Index
Subject Index
Diana K. Ivy, Ph.D., Professor of Communication at Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, has been teaching communication at the university level for 40 years, including undergraduate and graduate courses in gender, nonverbal, interpersonal, instructional communication, as well as communication and sexuality. She has co-authored two other textbooks, Communication: Principles for a Lifetime and Nonverbal Communication for a Lifetime, both in multiple editions, and has published articles in Communication Education, Southern Communication Journal, and Women & Language. She was Speaker of the Faculty Senate and Director of the Women’s Center at her university, has held multiple offices in the National Communication Association, and was named Outstanding Gender Scholar of the Year by the Southern States Communication Association. She was a guest contributor to Cosmopolitan magazine, hosted a call-in talk radio show, “Call Me Ivy,” and completed post-doctoral coursework at Oxford University, studying C. S. Lewis and communication.