General College Biology Lab Manual is a comprehensive laboratory companion designed to reinforce core biological concepts through hands-on investigation and scientific inquiry. Covering topics from microscopy, chemistry, and cell biology to genetics, evolution, taxonomy, and human organ systems, this manual provides students with structured exercises that strengthen critical thinking, laboratory techniques, and scientific analysis. Organized to align with a standard introductory biology curriculum, it supports students in connecting biological principles to real-world applications while building confidence in the laboratory.
1 Microscopes
2 Chemistry
3 Cells and Organelles
4 Diffusion and Osmosis
5 Scientific Method
6 Protein Synthesis
7 Mitosis
8 Introduction to Genetics
9 Human Genetics
10 Evolution and Natural Selection
11 Organ Systems
12 Circulatory System
13 Respiratory System
14 Digestive System
15 Urinary System
16 Reproductive System
17 Special Senses
18 Microevolution
19 Macroevolution
20 Taxonomy: Bacteria, Protists, and Fungi
21 Taxonomy: Plants
22 Taxonomy: Animals
Index
Christina
Snaples
Christian Snaples is a graduate of Texas A&M University, with a BS in Biochemistry and an MS in Genetics. Snaples worked for several community colleges in the North Texas area as an adjunct instructor before becoming a fulltime instructor at Tarrant County Community College in 2004. During her time at TCCD, Snaples has been the Department Chair of the Biology Department, lead instructor of nonmajor Biology and served on several committees.
Ping-Sha
Sheffield
Ping-sha Sheffield is a graduate of Texas Christian University with a BS in Biology from Fort Worth, TX. She also received her Master's of Medical Science in Physician Assistant Studies from Midwestern University out of the Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine. Ms. Sheffield worked as a Physician Assistant before joining Tarrant County College as an adjunct Instructor. She served as a Biology adjunct instructor for two years before becoming a full-time Associate Professor at South Campus. During her tenure at Tarrant County College, Ms. Sheffield has served on several committees and was a runner-up for the 2025 Chancellor's Outstanding Service Award. She currently serves as Course Facilitator for Biology for Nonmajors. Ms. Sheffield has been a co-author of previous lab manuals used by TCCD.