Geology in the Laboratory
Edition: 3
Copyright: 2020
Pages: 136
Edition: 3
Copyright: 2020
Pages: 136
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This lab book was created for teachers and students of an introductory geology class for non-science majors at the college level. Many of these labs are traditional exercises that have been reworked over the years to be more suitable for students without a lot of math and science in their academic background. The learning outcomes of these labs are quite similar to those of a traditional lab manual, however the presentation of terms and methodologies are more straight forward and down to Earth.
Introduction
Chapter 1 Math and Science Review
1.1 Introduction
Procedure
Exercises
1.2 Using a Ruler to Make Measurements
Introduction
The Lab
Let’s Review Metric Measuring
Let’s Review Measuring in the American System
Using Your Knowledge ... Let’s Actually Measure Something!!!
Summary & Review
1.3 Determining the Size of a Molecule
... Let’s Get Small ...
Objective
The Concept
Necessary Background Information
Materials Needed
Procedure: Part I
Procedure: Part II
Calculations
Determining the Size of a Molecule
Chapter 2 Minerals, The Building Blocks of Rocks Identifying Minerals in the Laboratory
2.1 Identifying Minerals
Purpose
Preparation
Materials
Procedure
Introduction
Physical Properties of Minerals
Luster
Color
Hardness
Streak
Transparency
Crystal Form
Fracture and Cleavage
Specific Gravity
How to Identify a Mineral Specimen
Classifying Minerals into the 6 Major Mineral Groups
The mineral groups (& their signature compound) that we use in this class
2.2 Building Minerals from Elements
Introduction
Materials Needed
Procedure
Notes on Reading a Chemical Equation
2.3 Building a Tetrahedron
Introduction
Materials Needed
Procedure
Summary
2.4 Turning Minerals into Igneous Rocks
Introduction
Materials Needed
Procedure
Chapter 3 Rocks, the Earth’s Building Blocks
Classification of Rock
Purpose
Preparation
Materials Needed
Procedure
Introduction
The Three Types of Rocks
Using an Identification Key to Classify Rocks
3.1 Identifying Igneous Rocks
Introduction
Textures of Igneous Rocks
Composition of Igneous Rocks
Procedure
3.2 Identifying Sedimentary Rocks
Introduction
Procedure
A Few Things to Keep in Mind During Lab
3.3 Identifying Metamorphic Rocks
Introduction
Procedure
Chapter 4 Surface Water Studies
4.1 Calculating Flood Recurrence Intervals
Introduction
The Task
Data Source
Procedure For Part 1
Procedure For Part 2
Using Your Graph
Epilogue
Calculating Flood Recurrence Intervals Work Sheet
Worksheet
4.2 The Deposition of Sediments
Introduction
Materials Needed
Setup
Practice Run
The Experiment
Calculations
Graphing
Worksheet
The Deposition of Sediments Graph
4.3 River Study Lab 3: Determining Stream Discharge in the Field
Introduction
Materials Needed
Procedure
Additional Data Collection
Worksheet
Results
Chapter 5 Understanding Porosity & Permeability
Porosity and Permeability
Introduction
Part I: Determining Porosity
Procedure
Part II: Determining Permeability
Procedure
Data Tables for Porosity & Permeability Experiment
Calculations For Porosity & Permeability Lab
Part I: Calculating Porosity
Part II: Calculating Permeability
Part III: Calculating Retention Percentage
Summary and Application Questions
Sediment Size & Porosity
Sediment Size & Drainage Rate
Chapter 6 Topographic Maps
Introduction
Location
Understanding Latitude & Longitude
Orientation
Map Scale
A Few More Important Vocabulary Terms
Purpose
6.1 Exploring a Topographic Quadrangle Map
6.2 Constructing Topographic Maps
How to Contour
Golden Rules of Contouring
Contouring Tips
Constructing a Topographic Profile
Vertical Exaggeration of Topographic Profiles
Contouring Exercise #1
Topographic Profile #1
Contouring Exercise #2
Topographic Profile #2
Chapter 7 Exploring Earthquakes
7.1 A Seismic Wave Study
Introduction
Materials Needed
Procedure
7.2 Determining Earthquake Epicenter Location Through Triangulation
Introduction
Objective
Procedure
Appendices
Metric Conversion
Periodic Table of the Elements
Guidelines for a Formal Laboratory Write Up
Introduction
Procedure
Data
Calculations
Results
Conclusion
Discussion
Topographic Map Symbols