Introduction to Statistics

Edition: 2

Copyright: 2016

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ISBN 9781792403163

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New Revised Edition Now Available!

Chapter 1: Basic Concepts
Section 1: Introduction
Section 2: Elements of Statistics
Section 3: Types of Data
Section 4: Use of Statistical Software

Chapter 2: Descriptive Statistics
Section 1: Introduction
Section 2: Categorical Data
Section 3: Numerical Data
Section 4: Numerical Summary

Chapter 3: Probability
Section 1: Basic Definitions
Section 2: The Rules of Probability
Section 3: Probability of an Event
Section 4: Union and Intersection of Two Events
Section 5: The Complement of an Event
Section 6: Pictorial Representation
Section 7: Conditional Probability
Section 8: Independent Events

Chapter 4: Random Variables
Section 1
Section 2: Probability Distribution
Section 3: Expected Value of a Random Variable
Section 4: Variance and Standard Deviation
Section 5: Binomial Distribution
Section 6: Probability Distribution of Binomial Random Variable
Section 7: Mean and Variance of Binomial Distribution

Chapter 5: Continuous Random Variable
Section 1: Introduction
Section 2: Uniform Distribution
Section 3: Normal Distribution
Section 4: General Case—Nonstandard Normal

Chapter 6: Sampling Distribution
Section 1: Introduction
Section 2: Sampling Distribution of the Sample Mean X

Chapter 7: Statistical Inference
Section 1: Introduction
Section 2: Point Estimate
Section 3: Interval Estimation
Section 4: Varying Confidence Levels
Section 5: Sample Size Determination

Chapter 8: Hypotheses Testing
Section 1: Introduction
Section 2: Elements of a Hypothesis Testing Problem
Section 3: Sources and Types of Error
Section 4: Performing a Test of Hypotheses
Section 5: One-Sided and Two-Sided Tests
Section 6: Observed Significance Level (P-Values)
Section 7: A Note Regarding P-Values
Section 8: Small Sample Test of Hypothesis form

Chapter 9: Comparing Two Populations
Section 1: Introduction
Section 2: Inferences for Two Population Means in Large Samples
Section 3: Inferences for Two Population Means in Small Samples
Section 4: The Paired Comparison Test

Mehdi Razzaghi

Mehdi Razzaghi is a Professor of Statistics at Bloomsburg University and has served in this capacity for 31 years. He holds a BS in mathematics from the University of Sussex in England, a BS in Computer Science from Bloomsburg University and a PhD in statistics from the University of London, England, which he received in 1977. He held faculty positions at Marburg University in Germany, University of Kentucky, California State University Chico, and Allameh University in Iran before joining Bloomsburg University in 1987. Dr. Razzaghi is the recipient of the Faculty Recognition Award (2003) and the Outstanding Scholarship Award (2012) from Bloomsburg University. During the 2014-2015 academic year, he was a Fulbright fellow at the University Warsaw in Poland.   He has collaborated extensively with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a Fellow of the National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR) and Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Engineering (ORISE). In his role, he assisted in the mathematical development of dose-response models and statistical risk assessment procedures in animal bioassay experiments. He further studied methods for extrapolation of the procedures for human exposure to toxic chemicals in the environment. Dr. Razzaghi has also served as a consultant with the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) where he was a member of the peer review panel on the effects of perchlorate environmental contamination. Further, Dr. Razzaghi has consulted with the National Institutes for Health (NIH) and Geisinger Medical Center. He has been the recipient of grants from the NIH, International Life Science Institute and Pennsylvania System of Higher Education.

Erin R Militzer

New Revised Edition Now Available!

Chapter 1: Basic Concepts
Section 1: Introduction
Section 2: Elements of Statistics
Section 3: Types of Data
Section 4: Use of Statistical Software

Chapter 2: Descriptive Statistics
Section 1: Introduction
Section 2: Categorical Data
Section 3: Numerical Data
Section 4: Numerical Summary

Chapter 3: Probability
Section 1: Basic Definitions
Section 2: The Rules of Probability
Section 3: Probability of an Event
Section 4: Union and Intersection of Two Events
Section 5: The Complement of an Event
Section 6: Pictorial Representation
Section 7: Conditional Probability
Section 8: Independent Events

Chapter 4: Random Variables
Section 1
Section 2: Probability Distribution
Section 3: Expected Value of a Random Variable
Section 4: Variance and Standard Deviation
Section 5: Binomial Distribution
Section 6: Probability Distribution of Binomial Random Variable
Section 7: Mean and Variance of Binomial Distribution

Chapter 5: Continuous Random Variable
Section 1: Introduction
Section 2: Uniform Distribution
Section 3: Normal Distribution
Section 4: General Case—Nonstandard Normal

Chapter 6: Sampling Distribution
Section 1: Introduction
Section 2: Sampling Distribution of the Sample Mean X

Chapter 7: Statistical Inference
Section 1: Introduction
Section 2: Point Estimate
Section 3: Interval Estimation
Section 4: Varying Confidence Levels
Section 5: Sample Size Determination

Chapter 8: Hypotheses Testing
Section 1: Introduction
Section 2: Elements of a Hypothesis Testing Problem
Section 3: Sources and Types of Error
Section 4: Performing a Test of Hypotheses
Section 5: One-Sided and Two-Sided Tests
Section 6: Observed Significance Level (P-Values)
Section 7: A Note Regarding P-Values
Section 8: Small Sample Test of Hypothesis form

Chapter 9: Comparing Two Populations
Section 1: Introduction
Section 2: Inferences for Two Population Means in Large Samples
Section 3: Inferences for Two Population Means in Small Samples
Section 4: The Paired Comparison Test

Mehdi Razzaghi

Mehdi Razzaghi is a Professor of Statistics at Bloomsburg University and has served in this capacity for 31 years. He holds a BS in mathematics from the University of Sussex in England, a BS in Computer Science from Bloomsburg University and a PhD in statistics from the University of London, England, which he received in 1977. He held faculty positions at Marburg University in Germany, University of Kentucky, California State University Chico, and Allameh University in Iran before joining Bloomsburg University in 1987. Dr. Razzaghi is the recipient of the Faculty Recognition Award (2003) and the Outstanding Scholarship Award (2012) from Bloomsburg University. During the 2014-2015 academic year, he was a Fulbright fellow at the University Warsaw in Poland.   He has collaborated extensively with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a Fellow of the National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR) and Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Engineering (ORISE). In his role, he assisted in the mathematical development of dose-response models and statistical risk assessment procedures in animal bioassay experiments. He further studied methods for extrapolation of the procedures for human exposure to toxic chemicals in the environment. Dr. Razzaghi has also served as a consultant with the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) where he was a member of the peer review panel on the effects of perchlorate environmental contamination. Further, Dr. Razzaghi has consulted with the National Institutes for Health (NIH) and Geisinger Medical Center. He has been the recipient of grants from the NIH, International Life Science Institute and Pennsylvania System of Higher Education.

Erin R Militzer