Media Matters

Edition: 2

Copyright: 2026

Pages: 384

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Media Matters presents undergraduate students with the essential information and tools needed to become media literate and more critical in their media consumption. Spanning traditional print books to modern mass-media systems, Media Matters utilizes an engaging opening narrative to each medium followed by an easily accessible, informative text.

Designed for introductory mass communication courses, Media Matters:

  • Offers Day-in-the-Life and Job Definition vignettes to give readers the chance to see what a career in a particular medium might be like.
  • Presents a brief history of the technology for each medium, the development of the content, the current structure, a brief discussion on the interaction between medium and culture.
  • Is Interactive!  Activities include a wide range of links and downloadable media artifacts from classic and contemporary radio/television shows and film, blog discussion prompts, practice tests, and more!

Chapter 1 Being a Critical Consumer 
To Become a Critical Consumer of Media 
Theories 
Speaker-Centered Theories 
Persuasive Theories Focused on the Medium 
Audience-Centered Theories 
Psychology Theories 
Applying Theory to a Text 
A Note on Artificial Intelligence

Chapter 2 Media Effects 
Goals of Media Effects Research 
Prediction  
Explanation 
Understanding 
Control 
Media Effects Methods 
Content Analysis 
Surveys 
Causal Relationships 
Experimental Method  
Archival Research 
Interviews 
Applying Methods

Chapter 3 Book Publishing 
A Short History of Storytelling From Rock Walls to the Cloud 
Electronic Books (or E-books) 
Print-on-Demand 
An Interview With Pamela Kelley, USA Today and Wall Street Journal Bestselling Author 
An Interview With Therese Anne Fowler, New York Times and USA Today Best-Selling Author 
An Interview With Samantha M. Clark, The Award-Winning Author of The Boy, The Boat, and the Beast and Arrow  
What Kinds of Book Are There? 
The Emergence of Novels 
Robinson Crusoe 
First American Novelists 
Novels Become a Mass Medium 
Dime Novels 
Penny Dreadfuls 
The Emergence of Major Publishing Houses 
Twentieth-Century Fiction 
Twenty-First Century Fiction 
How the Book-Publishing Industry Is Organized 
Books in Trade 
Textbooks 
Religious/Business Books 
The Future Is Now: Artificial Intelligence and an Uncertain Future for Writers  
Applying Theory to Texts

Chapter 4 Newspapers and Magazines: The Print Legacy and Digital Future 
A Short History of the Technology of Newspapers and Magazines 
Printing Press and Typesetting Technology 
Changes in Newsgathering 
The First Reporters 
The Telegraph 
The Telephone 
The Tape Recorder and Transcription 
Smart Phones for Both Recording and Photography  
A Short History of the Content of Newspapers and Magazines 
European Beginnings 
In the American Colonies 
Trouble With the King 
In the New United States of America 
A Growing Population Needs Growing Media
The Penny Press Is Born  
The Telegraph 
Civil War Press 
Yellow Press 
The Muckrakers 
Twentieth-Century Newspapers and Magazines 
Competition From Other Media 
Wartime Newspapers 
Post-War Newspapers and Magazines 
Newspapers in Decline 
The Staffing and Business Structure of Newspapers and Magazines 
An Interview With Nicholas Johnston, Publisher at Axios 
Applying Theory to Texts

Chapter 5 Radio 
A History of Radio Technology and Regulation 
In the Beginning 
Early Implications 
Two-Part System 
 . . . And The World Changed 
AM v. FM v. Digital 
An Interview With Jason “Pottsy” Potter, Program Director 
A History of Radio Content 
How Music Saved a Business 
Radio Pirates Emerge 
The Rise of Talk Radio 
Job Opportunities 
On Air 
Behind the Scenes 
Applying Theory to Texts

Chapter 6 Music and Recording 
A History of Sound Recording’s Technology 
Edison and Batchelor 
Bell and Tainter 
Emile Berliner 
Record Players and Radio  
Finding a Standard Speed 
Success and Struggle 
World War II 
Polyvinyl Progress 
V-Discs 
The Speed War  
Tape Recording 
In-Dash Players 
Cassettes and Eight-Tracks 
The Digital Revolution 
Napster 
iPods 
Mobile Phones 
Digital Rights Management 
Interview with Champagne Sunday 
A History of American Music 
A Note on Musical Genres 
Brass Bands/Orchestra/Choir/Spoken Word/Comedy 
Gospel/Blues/Jazz/R&B/Rock n’ Roll/ Rap/Hip-Hop 
Chuck Berry to Taylor Swift 
Folk/Country 
International 
The Business of Sound Recording
Today’s Revenue Streams 
Sell Music, Not Plastic 
The Big Three 
Technology Impacts Content 
Music and AI 
Applying Theory to Texts 

Chapter 7 Movies 
A History of Movie Technology 
To Begin, Projecting an Image 
Capturing the Image 
Persistence of Vision 
Niepce, Daguerre, and Talbot 
Muybridge and Marey 
Edison and Dickson 
Eastman 
The Lumière Brothers 
Georges Méliès  
Edison’s Newest Invention 
Edwin Porter and D.W. Griffith 
Color Movies 
Carl Laemmle 
1908 Edison and the Motion Picture Patent Company (MPPC) 
Warner Brothers and Sound 
Special Effects  
Pressure from Television 
1970’s IMAX  
Computer-Generated Imagery (CGI) and The Move to Digital 
An Interview With Greg Bossert, Supervising Artist in the Layout Department at Industrial Light & Magic 
A History of Movie’s Content 
Introduction  
Types of Movies 
Nonfictional Movies 
Pare Lorentz 
Fictional Movies 
How the Movie Industry Is Organized 
Movie Production, Distribution, and Exhibition 
Applying Theory to Texts

Chapter 8 Television 
A History of Television 
If You Build It, They Will Watch 
The First Golden Age 
The FCC Freeze 
The Broadcast Era 
Cable and Satellite Systems 
Streaming Catches On 
A Short History of Television’s Technology 
Four Phases of Television Technology 
The Mechanical Phase 
The Nipkow Disk 
John Logie Baird 
The Electronic Phase 
Philo Farnsworth 
Vladimir Zworykin 
Now Available in Color 
Digital Phase 
High-Definition 
Streaming
A Short History and Description of Television Content 
Sight From Sound 
Lucy Makes Changes 
“Pat” Weaver Makes Changes 
Types of Entertainment Programs 
Situation Comedies (Sitcoms) 
Westerns 
Detective Dramas 
Cop Shows 
Spy Shows 
Variety Shows 
Emcee Shows 
Participant Shows 
Reality Shows 
Talk Shows 
Soap Operas 
Science Fiction 
Game and Quiz Shows
Sports and Sports Talk Shows 
Local Broadcast News 
Network News 
Cable News  
The Future of Content 
How U.S. Television is Organized  
Syndication and How It Works  
Getting on the Air 
Global Television Systems 
An Interview With Television and Film Writer and Director J.S. Mayank 
Applying Theory to Texts

Chapter 9 Advertising 
A History of Advertising 
To Begin, Let’s Sell Something 
The Beginnings of Advertising in America 
The Birth of the Advertising Agency 
The Business of Advertising is Booming 
Edward Bernays Part One 
Advertising in New Mediums 
Advertising Becomes More Standardized 
The Science of Advertising 
Ethical Issues in Advertising 
Ethical Issues in Advertising 
Children as an Advertising Audience 
Offensive Advertising 
Applying Theory to Texts 

Chapter 10 Public Relations 
What is Public Relations? 
Public Relations Defined 
Public Relations vs. Advertising 
A Unique Element of Public Relations 
A History of Public Relations 
Early Forms of Public Relations 
Religious Uses 
Earliest American History 
Settlement of the United States 
The World Wars and Propaganda 
Edward Bernays Part Two 
Public Relations Today 
Big Data 
Four Models of Public Relations 
The Public Relations Process 
Situation 
Objectives 
Audience 
Strategy 
Tactics 
Timetable and Budget 
Evaluation 
RACE and ROPE 
Types of Public Relations 
1) Employer/Member Relations 
2) Community Relations 
3) Fundraising 
4) Investor Relations 
5) Marketing Public Relations 
6) Government Relations/Lobbying 
7) Corporate Social Responsibility 
8) Entertainment PR 
9) Sports PR
10) Event Planning 
11) Travel/Tourism Public Relations 
12) Crisis Management  
Ethical Standards, Professional Groups, and Academic Groups 
PRSA Members Statement of Professional Values 
Advocacy 
Honesty 
Expertise 
Independence 
Loyalty 
Fairness  
Applying Theory to Texts

Chapter 11 Journalism 
What Does Journalism Do? 
What Is Journalism and News? 
What Makes Something News? 
Other Journalistic Principles 
What Was Journalism? Your Parents’ News Media 
Yesterday’s News Gathering Process 
Today’s News Gathering Process  
Journalism’s Ethical Challenges 
Tomorrow’s Journalism 
An Interview With Del Quentin Wilber, The Washington Investigations Editor for the Associated Press 
Applying Theory to Texts

Chapter 12 Social Media 
Social Media Defined 
Key Developments in the History of Social Media 
The 1990s 
1997: AOL Instant Messenger and SixDegrees.com
1999: Blogs 
The Early 2000s  
2001: Wikipedia 
2002: Friendster, LinkedIn 
2003: MySpace, Second Life 
2004: Podcasting, Flickr, Digg, Facebook 
2005: YouTube, Bebo, Reddit 
2006: X (Twitter) 
2007: Zynga, Tumblr 
iPhone Brings Changes 
2009: FourSquare, WhatsApp 
The 2010s 
2010: Pinterest, Instagram  
2011: Google+, Snapchat 
2013: Vine 
2017: TikTok 
2020: Zoom 
Social Media Uses and Abuses 
Future Directions for Social Media Sites 
Social Media’s Impact on Public Relations 
Social Media Platforms and Campaigns 
Community Management 
Monitoring 
Pitching 
Influencer Outreach and Brand Advocacy 
Creating Content 
Social Media Crises 
Social Media’s Impact on Advertising 
Social Media Advertising Formats
Social Media’s Impact on Entertainment Media 
Second Screen Experience 
Prosumers 
Social Media Entertainment Content  
Celebrities on Social Media 
Entertainment Blogs 
A Pew Research Center’s Study of Social Media Use by Teens 
Social Media and Political Campaigning 
Privacy Issues with Social Media 
Teens and Social Media 
Conclusion 
Applying Theory to Texts

Chapter 13 The First Amendment and Media 
Major Terms 
Defamation 
Slander 
Libel
Right to Privacy 
Appropriation 
Copyright 
Fair Use 
Publication 
Censorship 
Damages 
Supreme Court Cases 
1956 Alberts v. California
1961 New York Times v. Sullivan 
1969 Brandenburg v. Ohio 
1971 Cohen v. California 
1988 Hustler Magazine, Inc. v. Falwell 
2003 United States, et al. v. American Library Association, Inc. et al. 
2011 Synder v. Phelps 
2019 Fourth Estate Public Benefit Corp. v. Wall-Street.com 
2023 Andy Warhol Foundation for Visual Arts, Inc. v. Goldsmith 
2024 Lindke v. Freed 
What Does All of This Mean? 
Applying Theory to Texts

Chapter 14 User Experience / User Interface (UX /UI)  
A History of UX—Computers, Internet, and Economics 
Earliest Interfacing  
The Role of Computers 
The Move to Digital Interfaces 
Technology and Computers in the New Millennium 
Where is UX Today 
Making It Work 
Ideas Behind How UX/UI Works 
Reinforcing Behavior 
How is UX/UI Done 
Why Do Consumers Do What They Do? 
The Effect on Society 
Errors and Biases 
Help Us Help You 
Questions to Consider about UX/UI 
Conclusion: The Future of UX 
Applying Theory to Texts

Chapter 15 Video Games 
The Impact of Video Games as Mass Media 
A History of Video Games 
Before the Console: Booting Up the Computer Game 
The 1970s: Laying the Groundwork 
The 1980s: The Golden Age of Arcade Games, Early Consoles, and the Rise of Home Computers 
The 1990s: Expansion and Technological Advancements 
The 2000s: Explosive Growth and Mainstream Acceptance 
The 2010s: Mobile Gaming and the Rise of eSports 
The 2020s: Continued Innovation and Cultural Integration 
The Rise of Video Games in Popular Culture and the Road Ahead 
An Interview With Wes Platt, Editor and Publisher of Southpoint Access News 
Applying Theory to Texts 

Index

RICHARD A. WILBER

Rick Wilber is an award-winning writer, editor and teacher who has edited two anthologies and published five college textbooks on writing and the mass media, along with more than forty short stories, several novels, and two short-story collections.

Wilber is also notable as a well-published writer and editor of science fiction and fantasy stories and novels, many of them concerned with the future of the mass media. His Future Media anthology (Tachyon, 2011) brought together reprinted works of non-fiction and fiction from scholars and writers like Marshall Mcluhn, Henry Jenkins, Nicholas Carr, Judy Wajcman, Allucquére Rosanne Stone, Rafael Lozano-Hemme and Guillermo Gómez-Peña, Nicholas Carr, Gregory Benford, Pat Cadigan, Kate Wilhelm, Kit Reed, Robert Sheckley, Ray Bradbury, Norman Spinrad, James Patrick Kelly, and more. The book was named one of top non-fiction books of 2011 by Popmatters.com. Wilber’s recent novel, Alien Morning (Tor, 2016) follows a struggling future journalist whose immersive form of journalism is used to promote the arrival of seemingly benign alien merchants. The sequel, Alien Day (Tor, forthcoming) follows the journalist to the alien’s home world.

Wilber lives on the West Coast of Florida. He is married ana has two adult children.

John H Saunders

John H. Saunders is an award-winning teacher and scholar having won multiple awards at the state, regional, and national levels for his teaching, scholarship, and service. Dr. Saunders also has an award named after him by the Alabama Communication Association, of which he is a co-founder. The John H. Saunders Award is given annually to individuals who have worked to provide platforms for other people to use their voice to present their scholarship and teaching ideas. 

Dr. Saunders’ scholarship has covered three major areas. First, he has given numerous conference presentations on rhetoric and children’s literature, and edited a volume of critical essays titled The Rhetorical Power of Children’s Literature (Lexington Press, 2016). Second, he has been on over thirty conference panels concerning the functioning of academic state associations, and plans to publish the collective wisdom in a book titled How to Build, Maintain, and Grow Academic State Associations in 2026. Finally, he has published several articles on the rhetorical power of public memory. He will be editing a new volume titled The Economics of Mnemonics: The Selling of America’s Public Memory in 2026. 

Dr. Saunders lives in Huntsville, Alabama, is single, and teaches at The University of Alabama in Huntsville. He received his bachelor’s degree and master’s degree from the University of Memphis, and his Ph.D. from The Pennsylvania State University. All of his degrees were in Speech Communication with a concentration on rhetorical criticism.

Media Matters presents undergraduate students with the essential information and tools needed to become media literate and more critical in their media consumption. Spanning traditional print books to modern mass-media systems, Media Matters utilizes an engaging opening narrative to each medium followed by an easily accessible, informative text.

Designed for introductory mass communication courses, Media Matters:

  • Offers Day-in-the-Life and Job Definition vignettes to give readers the chance to see what a career in a particular medium might be like.
  • Presents a brief history of the technology for each medium, the development of the content, the current structure, a brief discussion on the interaction between medium and culture.
  • Is Interactive!  Activities include a wide range of links and downloadable media artifacts from classic and contemporary radio/television shows and film, blog discussion prompts, practice tests, and more!

Chapter 1 Being a Critical Consumer 
To Become a Critical Consumer of Media 
Theories 
Speaker-Centered Theories 
Persuasive Theories Focused on the Medium 
Audience-Centered Theories 
Psychology Theories 
Applying Theory to a Text 
A Note on Artificial Intelligence

Chapter 2 Media Effects 
Goals of Media Effects Research 
Prediction  
Explanation 
Understanding 
Control 
Media Effects Methods 
Content Analysis 
Surveys 
Causal Relationships 
Experimental Method  
Archival Research 
Interviews 
Applying Methods

Chapter 3 Book Publishing 
A Short History of Storytelling From Rock Walls to the Cloud 
Electronic Books (or E-books) 
Print-on-Demand 
An Interview With Pamela Kelley, USA Today and Wall Street Journal Bestselling Author 
An Interview With Therese Anne Fowler, New York Times and USA Today Best-Selling Author 
An Interview With Samantha M. Clark, The Award-Winning Author of The Boy, The Boat, and the Beast and Arrow  
What Kinds of Book Are There? 
The Emergence of Novels 
Robinson Crusoe 
First American Novelists 
Novels Become a Mass Medium 
Dime Novels 
Penny Dreadfuls 
The Emergence of Major Publishing Houses 
Twentieth-Century Fiction 
Twenty-First Century Fiction 
How the Book-Publishing Industry Is Organized 
Books in Trade 
Textbooks 
Religious/Business Books 
The Future Is Now: Artificial Intelligence and an Uncertain Future for Writers  
Applying Theory to Texts

Chapter 4 Newspapers and Magazines: The Print Legacy and Digital Future 
A Short History of the Technology of Newspapers and Magazines 
Printing Press and Typesetting Technology 
Changes in Newsgathering 
The First Reporters 
The Telegraph 
The Telephone 
The Tape Recorder and Transcription 
Smart Phones for Both Recording and Photography  
A Short History of the Content of Newspapers and Magazines 
European Beginnings 
In the American Colonies 
Trouble With the King 
In the New United States of America 
A Growing Population Needs Growing Media
The Penny Press Is Born  
The Telegraph 
Civil War Press 
Yellow Press 
The Muckrakers 
Twentieth-Century Newspapers and Magazines 
Competition From Other Media 
Wartime Newspapers 
Post-War Newspapers and Magazines 
Newspapers in Decline 
The Staffing and Business Structure of Newspapers and Magazines 
An Interview With Nicholas Johnston, Publisher at Axios 
Applying Theory to Texts

Chapter 5 Radio 
A History of Radio Technology and Regulation 
In the Beginning 
Early Implications 
Two-Part System 
 . . . And The World Changed 
AM v. FM v. Digital 
An Interview With Jason “Pottsy” Potter, Program Director 
A History of Radio Content 
How Music Saved a Business 
Radio Pirates Emerge 
The Rise of Talk Radio 
Job Opportunities 
On Air 
Behind the Scenes 
Applying Theory to Texts

Chapter 6 Music and Recording 
A History of Sound Recording’s Technology 
Edison and Batchelor 
Bell and Tainter 
Emile Berliner 
Record Players and Radio  
Finding a Standard Speed 
Success and Struggle 
World War II 
Polyvinyl Progress 
V-Discs 
The Speed War  
Tape Recording 
In-Dash Players 
Cassettes and Eight-Tracks 
The Digital Revolution 
Napster 
iPods 
Mobile Phones 
Digital Rights Management 
Interview with Champagne Sunday 
A History of American Music 
A Note on Musical Genres 
Brass Bands/Orchestra/Choir/Spoken Word/Comedy 
Gospel/Blues/Jazz/R&B/Rock n’ Roll/ Rap/Hip-Hop 
Chuck Berry to Taylor Swift 
Folk/Country 
International 
The Business of Sound Recording
Today’s Revenue Streams 
Sell Music, Not Plastic 
The Big Three 
Technology Impacts Content 
Music and AI 
Applying Theory to Texts 

Chapter 7 Movies 
A History of Movie Technology 
To Begin, Projecting an Image 
Capturing the Image 
Persistence of Vision 
Niepce, Daguerre, and Talbot 
Muybridge and Marey 
Edison and Dickson 
Eastman 
The Lumière Brothers 
Georges Méliès  
Edison’s Newest Invention 
Edwin Porter and D.W. Griffith 
Color Movies 
Carl Laemmle 
1908 Edison and the Motion Picture Patent Company (MPPC) 
Warner Brothers and Sound 
Special Effects  
Pressure from Television 
1970’s IMAX  
Computer-Generated Imagery (CGI) and The Move to Digital 
An Interview With Greg Bossert, Supervising Artist in the Layout Department at Industrial Light & Magic 
A History of Movie’s Content 
Introduction  
Types of Movies 
Nonfictional Movies 
Pare Lorentz 
Fictional Movies 
How the Movie Industry Is Organized 
Movie Production, Distribution, and Exhibition 
Applying Theory to Texts

Chapter 8 Television 
A History of Television 
If You Build It, They Will Watch 
The First Golden Age 
The FCC Freeze 
The Broadcast Era 
Cable and Satellite Systems 
Streaming Catches On 
A Short History of Television’s Technology 
Four Phases of Television Technology 
The Mechanical Phase 
The Nipkow Disk 
John Logie Baird 
The Electronic Phase 
Philo Farnsworth 
Vladimir Zworykin 
Now Available in Color 
Digital Phase 
High-Definition 
Streaming
A Short History and Description of Television Content 
Sight From Sound 
Lucy Makes Changes 
“Pat” Weaver Makes Changes 
Types of Entertainment Programs 
Situation Comedies (Sitcoms) 
Westerns 
Detective Dramas 
Cop Shows 
Spy Shows 
Variety Shows 
Emcee Shows 
Participant Shows 
Reality Shows 
Talk Shows 
Soap Operas 
Science Fiction 
Game and Quiz Shows
Sports and Sports Talk Shows 
Local Broadcast News 
Network News 
Cable News  
The Future of Content 
How U.S. Television is Organized  
Syndication and How It Works  
Getting on the Air 
Global Television Systems 
An Interview With Television and Film Writer and Director J.S. Mayank 
Applying Theory to Texts

Chapter 9 Advertising 
A History of Advertising 
To Begin, Let’s Sell Something 
The Beginnings of Advertising in America 
The Birth of the Advertising Agency 
The Business of Advertising is Booming 
Edward Bernays Part One 
Advertising in New Mediums 
Advertising Becomes More Standardized 
The Science of Advertising 
Ethical Issues in Advertising 
Ethical Issues in Advertising 
Children as an Advertising Audience 
Offensive Advertising 
Applying Theory to Texts 

Chapter 10 Public Relations 
What is Public Relations? 
Public Relations Defined 
Public Relations vs. Advertising 
A Unique Element of Public Relations 
A History of Public Relations 
Early Forms of Public Relations 
Religious Uses 
Earliest American History 
Settlement of the United States 
The World Wars and Propaganda 
Edward Bernays Part Two 
Public Relations Today 
Big Data 
Four Models of Public Relations 
The Public Relations Process 
Situation 
Objectives 
Audience 
Strategy 
Tactics 
Timetable and Budget 
Evaluation 
RACE and ROPE 
Types of Public Relations 
1) Employer/Member Relations 
2) Community Relations 
3) Fundraising 
4) Investor Relations 
5) Marketing Public Relations 
6) Government Relations/Lobbying 
7) Corporate Social Responsibility 
8) Entertainment PR 
9) Sports PR
10) Event Planning 
11) Travel/Tourism Public Relations 
12) Crisis Management  
Ethical Standards, Professional Groups, and Academic Groups 
PRSA Members Statement of Professional Values 
Advocacy 
Honesty 
Expertise 
Independence 
Loyalty 
Fairness  
Applying Theory to Texts

Chapter 11 Journalism 
What Does Journalism Do? 
What Is Journalism and News? 
What Makes Something News? 
Other Journalistic Principles 
What Was Journalism? Your Parents’ News Media 
Yesterday’s News Gathering Process 
Today’s News Gathering Process  
Journalism’s Ethical Challenges 
Tomorrow’s Journalism 
An Interview With Del Quentin Wilber, The Washington Investigations Editor for the Associated Press 
Applying Theory to Texts

Chapter 12 Social Media 
Social Media Defined 
Key Developments in the History of Social Media 
The 1990s 
1997: AOL Instant Messenger and SixDegrees.com
1999: Blogs 
The Early 2000s  
2001: Wikipedia 
2002: Friendster, LinkedIn 
2003: MySpace, Second Life 
2004: Podcasting, Flickr, Digg, Facebook 
2005: YouTube, Bebo, Reddit 
2006: X (Twitter) 
2007: Zynga, Tumblr 
iPhone Brings Changes 
2009: FourSquare, WhatsApp 
The 2010s 
2010: Pinterest, Instagram  
2011: Google+, Snapchat 
2013: Vine 
2017: TikTok 
2020: Zoom 
Social Media Uses and Abuses 
Future Directions for Social Media Sites 
Social Media’s Impact on Public Relations 
Social Media Platforms and Campaigns 
Community Management 
Monitoring 
Pitching 
Influencer Outreach and Brand Advocacy 
Creating Content 
Social Media Crises 
Social Media’s Impact on Advertising 
Social Media Advertising Formats
Social Media’s Impact on Entertainment Media 
Second Screen Experience 
Prosumers 
Social Media Entertainment Content  
Celebrities on Social Media 
Entertainment Blogs 
A Pew Research Center’s Study of Social Media Use by Teens 
Social Media and Political Campaigning 
Privacy Issues with Social Media 
Teens and Social Media 
Conclusion 
Applying Theory to Texts

Chapter 13 The First Amendment and Media 
Major Terms 
Defamation 
Slander 
Libel
Right to Privacy 
Appropriation 
Copyright 
Fair Use 
Publication 
Censorship 
Damages 
Supreme Court Cases 
1956 Alberts v. California
1961 New York Times v. Sullivan 
1969 Brandenburg v. Ohio 
1971 Cohen v. California 
1988 Hustler Magazine, Inc. v. Falwell 
2003 United States, et al. v. American Library Association, Inc. et al. 
2011 Synder v. Phelps 
2019 Fourth Estate Public Benefit Corp. v. Wall-Street.com 
2023 Andy Warhol Foundation for Visual Arts, Inc. v. Goldsmith 
2024 Lindke v. Freed 
What Does All of This Mean? 
Applying Theory to Texts

Chapter 14 User Experience / User Interface (UX /UI)  
A History of UX—Computers, Internet, and Economics 
Earliest Interfacing  
The Role of Computers 
The Move to Digital Interfaces 
Technology and Computers in the New Millennium 
Where is UX Today 
Making It Work 
Ideas Behind How UX/UI Works 
Reinforcing Behavior 
How is UX/UI Done 
Why Do Consumers Do What They Do? 
The Effect on Society 
Errors and Biases 
Help Us Help You 
Questions to Consider about UX/UI 
Conclusion: The Future of UX 
Applying Theory to Texts

Chapter 15 Video Games 
The Impact of Video Games as Mass Media 
A History of Video Games 
Before the Console: Booting Up the Computer Game 
The 1970s: Laying the Groundwork 
The 1980s: The Golden Age of Arcade Games, Early Consoles, and the Rise of Home Computers 
The 1990s: Expansion and Technological Advancements 
The 2000s: Explosive Growth and Mainstream Acceptance 
The 2010s: Mobile Gaming and the Rise of eSports 
The 2020s: Continued Innovation and Cultural Integration 
The Rise of Video Games in Popular Culture and the Road Ahead 
An Interview With Wes Platt, Editor and Publisher of Southpoint Access News 
Applying Theory to Texts 

Index

RICHARD A. WILBER

Rick Wilber is an award-winning writer, editor and teacher who has edited two anthologies and published five college textbooks on writing and the mass media, along with more than forty short stories, several novels, and two short-story collections.

Wilber is also notable as a well-published writer and editor of science fiction and fantasy stories and novels, many of them concerned with the future of the mass media. His Future Media anthology (Tachyon, 2011) brought together reprinted works of non-fiction and fiction from scholars and writers like Marshall Mcluhn, Henry Jenkins, Nicholas Carr, Judy Wajcman, Allucquére Rosanne Stone, Rafael Lozano-Hemme and Guillermo Gómez-Peña, Nicholas Carr, Gregory Benford, Pat Cadigan, Kate Wilhelm, Kit Reed, Robert Sheckley, Ray Bradbury, Norman Spinrad, James Patrick Kelly, and more. The book was named one of top non-fiction books of 2011 by Popmatters.com. Wilber’s recent novel, Alien Morning (Tor, 2016) follows a struggling future journalist whose immersive form of journalism is used to promote the arrival of seemingly benign alien merchants. The sequel, Alien Day (Tor, forthcoming) follows the journalist to the alien’s home world.

Wilber lives on the West Coast of Florida. He is married ana has two adult children.

John H Saunders

John H. Saunders is an award-winning teacher and scholar having won multiple awards at the state, regional, and national levels for his teaching, scholarship, and service. Dr. Saunders also has an award named after him by the Alabama Communication Association, of which he is a co-founder. The John H. Saunders Award is given annually to individuals who have worked to provide platforms for other people to use their voice to present their scholarship and teaching ideas. 

Dr. Saunders’ scholarship has covered three major areas. First, he has given numerous conference presentations on rhetoric and children’s literature, and edited a volume of critical essays titled The Rhetorical Power of Children’s Literature (Lexington Press, 2016). Second, he has been on over thirty conference panels concerning the functioning of academic state associations, and plans to publish the collective wisdom in a book titled How to Build, Maintain, and Grow Academic State Associations in 2026. Finally, he has published several articles on the rhetorical power of public memory. He will be editing a new volume titled The Economics of Mnemonics: The Selling of America’s Public Memory in 2026. 

Dr. Saunders lives in Huntsville, Alabama, is single, and teaches at The University of Alabama in Huntsville. He received his bachelor’s degree and master’s degree from the University of Memphis, and his Ph.D. from The Pennsylvania State University. All of his degrees were in Speech Communication with a concentration on rhetorical criticism.