This lab manual is a survey of experiments and activities that allow students to put their conceptual framework into action while sharpening laboratory skills. These labs have been designed to examine a broad variety of laboratory methods through the use fo aseptic protocols, biochemical tests, selective and differential media, serial dilutions, and techniques one might encounter in the field of microbiology and/or as a health care professional. Post lab questions that follow each lab help reinforce each topic, while leading students to apply their knowledge in new situations.
Laboratory Safety Rules
LAB 1: Ubiquity of Microorganisms (2-Day Lab)
Table 1-1: Colony Characteristics
Figure 1.1: Ubiquity of Microorganisms Plate
Conclusions
Questions
LAB 2: Microscopy (3-Day Lab)
Figure 2.1: Cryptosporidium parvum (400x prepared slide)
Figure 2.2: Trypanosoma sp (400x prepared slide)
Figure 2.3: Aspergillus sp.
Figure 2.4: Bacteria—Three Types (1000x prepared slide)
Figure 2.5: Treponema pallidum (1000x prepared slide)
Figure 2.6: Bacillus subtilis (1000x prepared slide)
Figure 2.7: Capsule stain (Klebsiella pneumonia) (1000x prepared slide)
Figure 2.8: Escherichia coli (1000x stained with methylene blue)
Questions
LAB 3: Gram Stain (2-Day Lab)
Figure 3.1: Results of Gram stain for each species of bacteria
Figure 3.2: Streak for isolation plate drawing
Questions
LAB 4: Bacterial Growth Media
Questions
LAB 5: Serial Dilutions (2-Day Lab)
Figure 5.1: Serial Dilution Schematic
Table 5-1: Serial Dilution Plate Count
Figure 5.2: Example of a Statistically Valid Plate
Conclusions
Questions
LAB 6: Viral Plaques (2-Day Lab)
Figure 6.1: Serial Dilution Schematic
Table 6-1: Serial Dilution Plate Count
Figure 6.2: Example of a Statistically Valid Plate
Questions
LAB 7: Growth Curve and Viable Plate Count (2-Day Lab)
Table 7-1: Reporting Growth Curve Data
Figure 7.1: Graph of Bacterial Growth Curve (Time vs. CFU/mL)
Figure 7.2: Graph of Bacterial Growth Curve (Time vs. A660)
Figure 7.3: Graph Showing Comparison of estimates of bacterial growth (CFU/mL vs. A660)
Conclusions
Questions
LAB 8: UVGI (2-Day Lab)
Table 8-1
Results
Figure 8.1: Mean Percent Kill as a Function of UVGI Dose
Conclusions
Questions
LAB 9: Differentiation of Gram Positive Cocci (3-Day Lab)
Table 9-1: Metabolic and Anatomic Differences between Cocci
Figure 9.1: MSA Plate
Figure 9.2: TGA Plate
Figure 9.3: TSA with 5% Sheep’s blood plate, also known as Sheep Blood Agar (SBA)
Figure 9.4: Body Swab on MSA plate
Conclusions
Questions
LAB 10: Antibiotic Effectiveness (2-Day Lab)
Table 10-1: Interpretation of Zone of Inhibition of S. aureus Strains when Challenged with Selected Antibiotics
Table 10-2: Interpretation of Zone of Inhibition of S. aureus Strains when Challenged with Selected Antibiotics
Figure 10.1: Kirby Bauer Disk Diffusion Plates
Conclusions
Questions
Lab 11: Identification of Gram Negative Bacteria (2–4 Day Lab)
Table 11-1: Metabolic Results on Selected Enterics
Figure 11.1: Metabolic Test on Stock Enterics (Draw test tube results.)
Figure 11.2: EMB Streak Plate of Isolated/Unknown Enteric from Fecal Sample
Figure 11.3: TSA plate of Isolated/Unknown Enteric from Fecal Sample.
Conclusions
Questions
LAB 12: Bacterial Conjugation
Results
Figure 12.1: Day 2 results
Figure 12.2: Day 3 results
Questions
LAB 13: Epidemiology
Results
Questions
APPENDIX
Table A-1: Summary of Bacterial Strains
Table A-2: Metabolic and Anatomic Differences between Cocci (Key)
Table A-3: Metabolic Results on Selected Enterics Key
Figure A-1: Bacillus subtilis (1000x stained with Gram stain)
Figure A-2: Citrobacter freundii (1000x stained with Gram stain)
Figure A-3: Enterobacter aerogenes (1000x stained with Gram stain)
Figure A-4: Escherichia coli (1000x stained with Gram stain)
Figure A-5: Klebsiella pneumonia (1000x stained with Gram stain)
Figure A-6: Proteus vulgaris (1000x stained with Gram stain)
Figure A-7: Salmonella typhimurium (1000x stained with Gram stain)
Figure A-8: Sarcina lutea (1000x stained with Gram stain)
Figure A-9: Serratia marcescens (1000x stained with Gram stain)
Figure A-10: Shigella flexneri (1000x stained with Gram stain)
Figure A-11: Staphylococcus aureus (1000x stained with Gram stain)
Figure A-12: Staphylococcus epidermidis (1000x stained with Gram stain)
Figure A-13: Streptococcus pyogenes (1000x stained with Gram stain)