The Oral Systemic Connection: A Collaborative, Interdisciplinary Clinical Companion for the Healthcare Provider
Edition: 1
Copyright: 2020
Pages: 358
Edition: 1
Copyright: 2020
Pages: 358
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Education of the health professions have developed in a culture that does not promote interprofessional collaboration. They are independent careers with minimal crossover in either education or clinical practice.
A productive interprofessional collaboration will increase the efficacy of how healthcare is presented to and accepted by the public. For interprofessional healthcare to be effective we must learn how to work with each other, increase communication skills, balance responsibilities in patient care, resolve differences in modalities of treatment, and minimize power struggles. Only then will the provision of healthcare be applied to and seen through a collaborative lens.
The Oral Systemic Connection: A Collaborative, Interdisciplinary Clinical Companion for the Healthcare Provider provides knowledge of the clinical presentation, pathogenesis, and management of diseases that occur in the oral and maxillofacial area. The publication enables clinicians to recognize those oral health conditions which can be diagnosed on the basis of their pathognomonic clinical/radiographic presentation. The practitioner should then be able to develop a reasonable differential diagnosis, manage lesions which can be appropriately cared for by a medical or dental provider, and appropriately refer those lesions that require specialty management. Integration and application of the didactic material in a clinical setting will be stressed, and all material will be presented in a case-based format with lesions presenting from mild to significant disease when applicable.
The Oral Systemic Connection: A Collaborative, Interdisciplinary Clinical Companion for the Healthcare Provider:
- Is suitable for healthcare providers who are not physicians and/or medical specialists (i.e., internal medicine, oncology, rheumatology) will learn to recognize the importance of oral health intervention on the behalf of their patients and become more confident in subsequent referral to or from physicians.
- Fullfills a recognized need for a clinically relevant book on oral lesions and clinical outcomes for medical and dental general practice providers.
- Presents oral pathology through a multidisciplinary lens in a case-based, evidence-based manner. The guiding question behind the content of the book is, if pathology is present, how do we treat the disease and how do we treat the person?
- Educates medical providers on the basics of clinical oral pathology and oral medicine as well as on how to approach the patient in a holistic manner.
- Integrates illustrations of general dentistry and oral health assessment approaches via simple objective and subjective data collection, case studies, clinical pictures, clinical scenarios, and outcome expectations for the patient.
- Presents conditions alphabetically, starting with the name of the condition being discussed, its etiology, clinical presentation (both objective and subjective), age, sex, and race when these demographics are relevant, and general treatment modalities and prognosis.
Chapter 1: Normal Oral Anatomy
Introduction
Overlooking Oral Health
Art History and Representations of Oral Health
The Dental Hygienist
Dental Hygiene Oral Assessment
The Ophthalmology Specialist
Ophthalmology Oral Assessment
The Registered Nurse
Nursing Oral Assessment
General Oral Health History Assessment
Ethical and Legal Considerations
Oral Health and Hygiene Education
Interprofessional Education for Oral Care
Barriers to Effective Oral Health
The Art of Dentistry
The Presentation of Normal Oral Anatomy
Amalgam Tattoo
Ankyloglossia
Atypical Frenum Attachments (see Ankyloglossia)
Buccal Fat Pad (Bichat’s Fat Pad)
Circumvallate Papilla
Cusp of Carabelli
Double Lip Line
Dry Lips
Exostosis: Mandibular and Maxillary
Foliate Papilla (Hyperplastic Lingual Tonsil)
Fordyce Granules
Fungiform Papilla
Geographic Tongue (Benign Migratory Glossitis, Erythema Migrans, Wandering Rash)
Gingival Stippling
Leukoedema
Linea Alba (Buccalis)
Lip Pit (Commissural)
Loss of Vertical Dimension
Mandibularis Tori and Palatinus Tori
Median Rhomboid Glossitis
Melanin Pigmentation
Osteoma
Normal Racial Pigmentation
Rugae
Stenson’s Duct
Transient Lingual Papillitis
Uvula
Varix (Varicosities/Varicose Veins)
Xerostomia
References
Chapter 2: Mucous Membrane Diseases
Introduction
Normal Periodontal Anatomy
Pathophysiology of Periodontal Disease
Incidence
Risk Factors
Special Populations
Population-Based Dentistry Portrayal
Dental Hygiene Practice
Nursing Practice
Scenario: Impaired Oral Mucous Membranes
Ophthalmology/Optometry Practice
The Presentation of Mucous Membrane Diseases
Burns
Candidiasis (Candidosis)
Chemotherapy and Radiation Induced Mucositis
Erythema Multiforme (Minor, Major/Stevens Johnson Syndrome, Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis)
Exfoliative Cheilitis
Fissured Tongue (Scrotal Tongue, Plicated Tongue)
Geographic Tongue (Benign Migratory Glossitis, Erythema Migrans, Wandering Rash)
Ectopic Geographic Tongue
Hairy Tongue/Black Hairy Tongue (Lingua Villosa Nigra, Nigrities Linguae)
Herpes Simplex Virus (Herpes Labialis, Herpes Recurrans)
Herpes Zoster (Shingles)/Varicella Zoster Virus (Chicken pox)
Lichen Planus (Erosive, Wickham Striae, Lichenoid Dysplasia, Tongue Lesions, Plaque)
Lichenoid Drug Reaction/Lichenoid Mucositis
Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid
Pemphigus Vulgaris
Pyostomatitis Vegetans
Scalloping (Tongue, Buccal Mucosa, Labial Mucosa)
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (in Toothpaste), Sloughing
Tissue Trauma (Iatrogenic Trauma, Morsicatio Labiorum, Morsicatio Buccarum, Morsicatio Linguarum)
Ulcerations (Behçet’s, Crohn’s, Herpetiform, Major Aphthous, Minor Aphthous, Denture, Traumatic) References
Chapter 3: Soft Tissue Lesions
Introduction
Ethical Oral Health Practice
Questioning the Dental Treatment
Dental Hygiene Practice
Nursing Pracce
Oral Care in Alzheimer Diagnosis
Oral Hygiene and Care Assessment in Hospital Settings
Oral Hygiene and Care in the Intensive Care Unit
Oral Hygiene and Care for the Oncology Patient
Collaborative Practice
The Presentation of Soft Tissue Lesions
Angioedema (Quincke’s Disease)
Drug Related Gingival Hyperplasia (Drug Associated Gingival Enlargement)
Epulis Fissuratum (Denture-Induced Fibrous Hyperplasia)
Fibroma, Irritation Fibroma, Traumatic Fibroma
Hemangioma (Soft Tissue Hemangioma)
Hematoma
Hormonal Gingival Enlargements (Hormonal Gingivitis)
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) (Condyloma Acuminatum, Sexually Transmitted Viral Papilloma)
Keloid
Lipoma
Lymphangioma
Lymphoepithelial Cyst
Neurofibroma
Papilloma (Squamous Papilloma)
Petechiae
Pyogenic Granuloma (Pregnancy Tumor, Epulis Gravidarum)
Schwannoma (Neurilemoma)
References
Chapter 4: Tooth-Related Disease
Introduction
Interdisciplinary Case Study
Case Study Discussion: Approach to Care
Tooth Pulling
Normal Periodontal Anatomy
Pathophysiology of Periodontal Disease
Incidence
Risk Factors
Clinical Manifestations
Nursing Role
Scenario: Assessment
Medical Diagnosis
Nursing Diagnosis
Nursing Planning
Nursing Intervention
Nursing Evaluation and Management
The Presentation of Tooth-Related Diseases
Abfraction (see Geriatrics)
Abrasion
Abscess (see Geriatrics)
Attrition
Bruxing
Bulimia Nervosa
Caries/Decay (see Geriatrics and Pediatrics)
Concrescence
Cusp of Carabelli (see Normal Anatomy)
Diastema
Erosion
Fistula
Fluorosis
Fusion
Gemination/Twinning
Gingivitis
Internal Resorption/Pink Tooth of Mummery, External Resorption/External Cervical Resorption
Microdontia/Peg Laterals
Periodontal Disease
Supernumerary Teeth
Talon Cusp
Tetracycline Staining
References
Chapter 5: Geriatrics and Oral Health
Introduction
Unique Challenges in Gerontology
Ethical and Legal Considerations
Dental Treatment Considerations
Teaching Responsibilities
The Presentation of Geriatric Oral Pathology
Abfraction
Abscess
Actinic Cheilitis.
Actinic Keratosis
Angular Cheilitis (Refer to Mucous Membrane Diseases, Candidiasis)
Cancer
Decay/Caries (Root Decay)
Denture-Related Pathology: Denture Stomatitis, Epulis Fissuratum
Dysplasia
Erythroplakia
Fibroma
Frictional Hyperkeratosis
Geographic Tongue (Benign Migratory Glossitis, Erythema Migrans, Wandering Rash)
Hematoma
Herpes Zoster (Shingles)/Varicella Zoster Virus (Chicken pox)
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Leukoplakia
Leukoplakia-Erythroplakia (Erythroleukoplakia)
Lichen Planus (see Mucous Membrane Diseases)
Loss of Vertical Dimension
Nicotinic Stomatitis
Paget’s Disease (Osteitis Deformans)
Pemphigus Vulgaris (see Mucous Membrane Diseases)
Tobacco Pouch Keratosis
Tori Mandibularis and Palatinus
Varix/Oral Varicosities (see Normal Anatomy)
Vertical Lip Ulcer (see Mucous Membrane Diseases)
References
Chapter 6: Pediatric Oral Health
Introduction
The Process of Dental Caries
Pediatric Chromosomal and Inborn Errors
Preventive Strategies Against Pediatric Caries
Dental Concerns During Puberty
Interprofessional Collaboration
Specific Nursing Role
General Healthcare Practice
The Presentation of Pediatric Oral Health Assessment and Pathology
Abscess (see Geriatrics/Gerontology)
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL, Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia)
Angular Cheilitis (refer to Mucous Membrane Diseases, Candidiasis)
Cleft Palate
Early Childhood Caries (ECC) (Baby Bottle Tooth Decay)
Eruption Cyst (Eruption Hematoma)
Fungiform Papilla (see Normal Anatomy)
Geographic Tongue (Benign Migratory Glossitis, Erythema Migrans, Wandering Rash)
Herpangina
Herpes Simplex Virus (Herpes Labialis)
Herpes Zoster (Shingles)/Varicella Zoster Virus (Chicken pox)
Hormonal Gingival Enlargements (Hormonal Gingivitis) (Puberty Gingivitis)
Hutchinson Teeth (Hutchinson Incisors)
Lip Biting (Lip Licking)
Lip Pit (Commissural)
Mucocele (Mucous Cyst)
Nevus of Ota (Mongolian Spot)
Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis
Pseudomembranous Candidiasis (Candidiasis, Candidosis)
Pyogenic Granuloma (Pregnancy Tumor, Epulis Gravidarum)
Strawberry Hemangioma (Soft Tissue Hemangioma) (see Soft Tissue Lesions)
References
Chapter 7: Oral Health in Pregnancy
Introduction
Oral Health During Pregnancy
Special Dental Considerations in Pregnancy
Dental Misconceptions in Pregnancy
Historical Myths and Superstitions
Dental Treatment During Pregnancy
The Healthcare Provider Role
The Role of the Nurse
Patient Teaching
The Presentation of Challenges to Oral Anatomy During Pregnancy
Hormonal Gingival Enlargements (Hormonal Gingivitis)
Pyogenic Granuloma (Pregnancy Tumor, Epulis Gravidarum)
References
Chapter 8: HIV/AIDS
Introduction
The Evolution of Findings
Management of HIV Infection
HIV Care and Nursing
General Healthcare Practice
HIV Testing Case Study
Language Proficiency
The Tooth Worm and Other Folklore
HIV Treatment and Prognosis
Oral Complications Associated with HIV/AIDS
The Presentation of Oral Pathology in HIV/AIDS
Candidiasis (Oral) (See Mucous Membrane Diseases, Pediatrics, and Geriatrics)
Hairy Leukoplakia (Oral Hairy Leukoplakia)
Herpes Simplex Virus (Herpes Labialis, Herpes Recurrans)
Human Papilloma Virus
Kaposi’s Sarcoma
Linear Gingival Erythema (LGE)
Lymphadenopathy (Persistent Generalized Lymphadenopathy {PGL})
Major Aphthous Ulcer (See Ulcers, Mucous Membrane Diseases)
Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (NUG), Necrotizing Ulcerative Periodontitis (NUP), Necrotizing Periodontal Disease
References
Chapter 9: Oral Manifestations of Systemic Diseases
Introduction
General Healthcare Practice
Nursing
Art History
Oral Manifestations of Select Systemic Diseases
The Presentation of Oral Manifestations of Systemic Diseases
Acute Parotiditis/Acute Bacterial Suppurative Parotitis/Chronic Parotitis
Anemia
Behçet’s Disease (See Mucous Membrane Diseases)
Bell’s Palsy
Crohn’s Disease (See Mucous Membrane Diseases)
Diabetes
Hyperparathyroidism
Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ)
Mumps
Paget’s Disease
Pyostomatitis Vegetans
Sjögrens Syndrome
References
Appendix: Links
Gwen Cohen Brown DDS is a dentist and a Fellow in the American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. Dr. Brown is a full Professor at the New York City College of Technology, The City University of New York, where she teaches clinic, senior seminar, art history, and oral pathology. Her contributions to the text include content on the etiology, clinical presentation, and treatment of oral disease.
Aida L. Egues, DNP, RN, PHNA-BC, CNE is an advanced practice board-certified registered nurse, certified nurse educator, and a Fellow at the New York Academy of Medicine. Dr. Egues is a full Professor at New York City College of Technology, The City University of New York, where she teaches across nursing programs. Her contributions to the text include content on ethics, law, nursing, and pathophysiology.
The Oral Systemic Connection: A Collaborative, Interdisciplinary Clinical Companion for the Healthcare Provider is refreshingly practical, well-written, and with up-to-date references.
Anthony Vernillo, DDS, PhD, MBE (Masters in Bioethics)
Professor Emeritus of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Radiology and Medicine
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The Oral Systemic Connection: A Collaborative, Interdisciplinary Clinical Companion for the Healthcare Provider is the perfect clinical companion for all Primary Care Providers, seasoned and novice, dental and non dental. This text will allow readers to successfully diagnose and treat their patients, thereby improving the quality of their lives and health.
Peter J. De Lisi, DDS
Active Attending, Department of Dental Medicine, Westchester Medical Center
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What a wonderful resource! The Oral Systemic Connection emphasizes interdisciplinary collaboration for the good of patients. It highlights the importance of nursing care in various contexts including the ICU, oncology care, and geriatrics, and offers considerations for assessment and ongoing oral care. The pregnancy section provides a comprehensive overview which will be helpful to both dentists and OB providers. As interprofessional education becomes more common we will be communicating more effectively across roles, and this text strongly supports that goal.
Kimberly Allard MSW, MN, CNM
Certified Nurse Midwife
This book is for everyone— an epitome of what interdisciplinary and collaborative approach should be and look like. More importantly, The Oral Systemic Connection is an oral healthcare professional and physician in your pocket, and you will no longer have to resort to the internet for an answer.
JP Gonzalez-Torres, DDS
Director of Dentistry
Callen-Lorde Community Health Center
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The Oral Systemic Connection: A Collaborative, Interdisciplinary Clinical Companion for the Healthcare Provider is a clear, readable, and well-researched guide for practitioners as well as faculty who are teaching health professional students.
Barbara Grumet JD, RN
Retired Dean, School of Professional Studies, New York City College of Technology
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