Quantitative Literacy and Reasoning
Edition: 1
Copyright: 2018
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Filling a relatively new void in the college curriculum, Quantitative Literacy and Reasoning emphasizes the understanding and usage of quantitative data and information in a real-world context. The publication shows clear connections between quantitative skills and the ability to apply and communicate about them. The publication prepares students for life as active, well-educated citizens of the world we live in—a world filled with seemingly limitless information, much of which is useless noise.
Debra Hall’s Quantitative Literacy and Reasoning:
- uses a few formulas and calculations while focusing more broadly on careful reading, analysis, critical thinking, decision-making, and contextual communication.
- presents many opportunities for readers to practice basic mathematics, literacy, reasoning skills, critically analyze arguments and quantitative information about many real-life topics, and communicate numerical findings in a real-world context.
- encourages readers to embrace and question the quantitative information that permeates the modern for its potential biases, questionable sources, and cherry-picked data.
- is student friendly! The publication embeds chapter objectives, student response examples, Your Turn vignettes, exercises, access to web-based testing and assessment systems, and hints for student success within the publication to help ensure comprehension.
INTRODUCTION
What Is Quantitative Literacy and Reasoning?
Importance of Meaningful Communication xi Notes on Rounding and Required Number of Decimal Places in This Book
A Note on Color Coding in This Book
CHAPTER 1: UNITS OF MEASUREMENT AND DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
1.1 Units of Measurement
1.2 Dimensional Analysis
Your Turn Final Answers
Check Your Mastery
Exercises
CHAPTER 2: QUANTIFYING AND COMMUNICATING ABOUT PARTS OF A WHOLE, CHANGE, DIFFERENCE, AND RATIO
2.1 Parts of a Whole
2.2 Changes: Comparisons of Two Quantities
2.2.1 Change over Time: Comparing Values of a Quantity at Two Points in Time
2.2.2 Differences: Comparing Values of a Quantity under Two Conditions (No Time Change)
2.2.3 Percentage (%) versus Percentage Point 38 2.2.4 Ratios
Your Turn Final Answers
Check Your Mastery
Exercises
CHAPTER 3: LINEAR AND EXPONENTIAL EXPRESSIONS AND FUNCTIONS
3.1 Linear and Exponential Expressions
3.2 Modelling Life with Linear and Exponential Functions
3.2.1 Linear Functions
3.2.2 Exponential Functions
3.3 Introduction to Scatterplots, Correlation, and Regression Models
3.3.1 Graphical Analysis of Bivariate/Two-Variable Data
3.3.2 Numerical Analysis of Bivariate/Two-Variable Data
Your Turn Final Answers
Check Your Mastery
Exercises
CHAPTER 4: INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND DATA ANALYSIS
4.1 What Is Statistics? Basic Statistical Terminology and Definitions
4.2 Looking at Variable Behavior—Graphical Approach to Describing a Variable’s Distribution
4.2.1 Organizing Qualitative Variable Data
4.2.2 Organizing Quantitative Variable Data
4.2.3 Describing the Distribution of a Quantitative Variable from Its Histogram
4.3 Number Summaries for Quantitative Variables
4.3.1 Measures of Center or Average
4.3.2 Measures of Position
4.3.3 Measures of Spread or Variability
4.4 Introduction to Density Curves and Normal Distributions
4.4.1 Density Curves
4.4.2 Normal Distributions
Your Turn Final Answers
Check Your Mastery
Exercises
CHAPTER 5: USING DATA TO MAKE SENSE OF THE WORLD
5.1 Data Fundamentals—Revisiting and Adding to Basic Statistical Terminology and Definitions
5.2 Data Collection—Overview of Statistical Study Types and Sampling Methods
5.2.1 Observational Studies
5.2.2 Experimental Studies
5.3 Statistical Inference: From Sample to Population
5.3.1 Key Ideas behind Statistical Inference
5.3.2 Confidence Intervals
5.3.3 Hypothesis Tests or Tests of Significance
Your Turn Final Answers
Check Your Mastery
Exercises
CHAPTER 6: WORKING WITH SET AND CATEGORICAL VARIABLE RELATIONSHIPS
6.1 Venn Diagrams—Set Basics
6.1.1 Venn Diagrams as Tools That Help Us “See” Relationships between Sets
6.1.2 Describe the Regions of a Venn Diagram
6.1.3 Determine the Number of Elements in Each Region
6.1.4 Working with Three-Set Venn Diagrams
6.2 Two-Way Tables
6.2.1 Calculating Probabilities Based on Two-Way Tables
6.2.2 Creating the Two-Way Table
Your Turn Answers
Check Your Mastery
Exercises
APPENDIX I: BASIC SKILLS REVIEW 243 Basic Skills Review
Notes on Rounding and Required Number of Decimal Places
I.1 Basic Terminology
I.2 Fraction Arithmetic
I.3 Changing Number Forms
I.4 Verbalizing Large and Small Numbers
1.5 Exponents
I.6 Order of Operations
I.7 Scientific Notation
I.8 Basic Factoring
I.9 Solving Linear and Quadratic Equations
Check Your Mastery
Exercises
APPENDIX II: STANDARD NORMAL TABLE
Standard Normal Probabilities
INDEX