Race, Crime and Justice
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Race, Crime and Justice is the culmination of many years of research and teaching on the subject. It includes seminal studies and current research findings. The text recognizes the influence of politics; it also examines the flawed policies and practices that contribute to the disparate treatment of minority group members. A solutions oriented text, Race, Crime, and Justice includes “Did you know?” scenarios and links to sites designed to inform and to provoke thought about the realities of race, crime, and justice.
DEDICATION
BRIEF CONTENTS
PREFACE
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
CHAPTER 1 THE WORLD OF RACE AND COLOR
Introduction
Police Shootings
Race, Ethnicity, and Crime
Discrimination
Disparity versus Discrimination
Conclusion
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
References
CHAPTER 2 CRIME RATES AND VICTIMIZATION: WHAT TO KNOW
Introduction
How is data counted?
Another Look at UCR Data
Who is the Typical Offender?
When Men and Women Kill
Crime by Geography
Victimization
Who are likely crime victims?
Missing White Woman Syndrome
African Americans
Native American
Asian Americans
Hispanic Americans
White Americans.
International Victimization
Environmental Crime: Victimization of minority and rural communities.
What are your thoughts about the politics of fear?
Reducing Offending and Levels of Victimization
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
References
CHAPTER 3 SOCIAL STRUCTURE AND INEQUALITY
Introduction
Inequality
White Wealth
Black Wealth
Hispanic Wealth
Asian American
Wealth and Income
Inheritance and Residential Isolation
The Influence of William J. Wilson
Capital
Theoretical Applications
Conclusion
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
References
CHAPTER 4 LAW ENFORCEMENT AND RACE
Introduction
The historical influence and beyond
Did you know?
Policing minorities
Racial Profiling
Correlates to DWB
What are the personal costs of profiling?
Teaching Kids
Police Use of Force
The Non-Prosecution of Police Officers and the Blue Code?
The Militarization of the Police
Conclusion
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Internet Assignment
References
CHAPTER 5 THE COURT SYSTEM AND JUSTICE
Introduction
An overview
Counsel and bail
A look at bail: a snapshot
Counsel Today
Courtroom Workgroups
Do Minority Judges Make a Difference?
The Jury Pool
Conclusion
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
References
CHAPTER 6 IMAGES OF COLOR AND RACIALIZED JUSTICE
Introduction
Social Constructionism: Race and the Media
Black Crime, White Crime, or Crime
Driving While …
Jury Selection
Rape and Eyewitness Identification
Conclusion
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
References
CHAPTER 7 SENTENCING
Introduction
What is the status of sentencing in the United States?
A look at the research
The Issue of Bail
Are Hispanics Treated Differently?
Are Asian Americans treated differently?
Are African Americans Treated Differently?
Are Native Americans Treated Differently?
Re-entry Issues
The Influence of Michelle Alexander’s The New Jim Crow
The Use of Fines
Conclusion
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
References
CHAPTER 8 CAPITAL PUNISHMENT
Introduction
Early History
Race and Capital Punishment
Public Attitudes and the U.S. Supreme Court
Wrongful Conviction
The Marshall Hypothesis
What is the future of capital punishment?
Conclusion
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
References
CHAPTER 9 CORRECTIONS
Introduction
Race and Gender
Hispanics and Imprisonment
Race and Gender
The New Jim Crow
A Look at Probation and Parole
What about race and probation?
Key findings
Re-entry Issues
Conclusion
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
References
CHAPTER 10 JUVENILES, COLOR AND CRIME
Introduction
A Glimpse at the Juvenile Population
Juveniles as Victims
Juveniles as Offenders
Police Encounters
Intake Screening and Detention Decisions
Counsel and Representation
Justice by Geography
Minority Groups as Offenders
Court Decisions and Symbolic Threat
Conclusion
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Web Assignments
References
EPILOGUE
GLOSSARY
INDEX
Robert L. Bing III holds a Ph.D. in Criminology from Florida State University and an undergraduate degree in Sociology from the College of the Holy Cross, located in Worcester, MA. He is first chair of the Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, where he served for twelve years and again as Interim Chair in 2015 for one year. His research interest includes race, corrections, plea bargaining, crime and public policy, and criminal justice education. Prior to pursuing an academic career in criminal justice, Dr. Bing had served as Assistant Superintendent of Hillsborough House, a residential treatment facility for delinquent boys in Tampa Florida.
Dr. Bing has written over 35 refereed articles and or book chapters. He has coauthored a technical report for the federal government, co-edited a book titled Race and Crime, authored and edited Race, Crime and the Media (McGraw-Hill). He has also authored a textbook titled, Introduction to Criminal Justice: A Humanitarian Perspective (released 2016). Dr. Bing has also received numerous awards for his community service and involvement. Dr. Bing is a member of the European Society of Criminology, the American Society of Criminology, the Academy of Criminal Justice Services, and the Southwest Association of Criminal Justice. With respect to the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, he was a recent recipient of the Becky Tatum Excellence Award. Dr. Bing is former chair of the Section on Minorities and Women for the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences.
Dr. Bing is also former board member of Mothers Against Teen violence (MATV)—Project Rethink. As a board member he was instrumental in obtaining Michelle Alexander, Judge Gray and Carl Hart as banquet speakers for the organization. Dr. Bing continues to be active in the criminal justice community throughout the DFW metropolitan area, serving on the city of Arlington MLK Board, the Tarrant County Disproportionality and Disparities Advisory Committee, since 2012; he has also served on numerous ACJS executive committees.
Race, Crime and Justice is the culmination of many years of research and teaching on the subject. It includes seminal studies and current research findings. The text recognizes the influence of politics; it also examines the flawed policies and practices that contribute to the disparate treatment of minority group members. A solutions oriented text, Race, Crime, and Justice includes “Did you know?” scenarios and links to sites designed to inform and to provoke thought about the realities of race, crime, and justice.
DEDICATION
BRIEF CONTENTS
PREFACE
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
CHAPTER 1 THE WORLD OF RACE AND COLOR
Introduction
Police Shootings
Race, Ethnicity, and Crime
Discrimination
Disparity versus Discrimination
Conclusion
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
References
CHAPTER 2 CRIME RATES AND VICTIMIZATION: WHAT TO KNOW
Introduction
How is data counted?
Another Look at UCR Data
Who is the Typical Offender?
When Men and Women Kill
Crime by Geography
Victimization
Who are likely crime victims?
Missing White Woman Syndrome
African Americans
Native American
Asian Americans
Hispanic Americans
White Americans.
International Victimization
Environmental Crime: Victimization of minority and rural communities.
What are your thoughts about the politics of fear?
Reducing Offending and Levels of Victimization
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
References
CHAPTER 3 SOCIAL STRUCTURE AND INEQUALITY
Introduction
Inequality
White Wealth
Black Wealth
Hispanic Wealth
Asian American
Wealth and Income
Inheritance and Residential Isolation
The Influence of William J. Wilson
Capital
Theoretical Applications
Conclusion
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
References
CHAPTER 4 LAW ENFORCEMENT AND RACE
Introduction
The historical influence and beyond
Did you know?
Policing minorities
Racial Profiling
Correlates to DWB
What are the personal costs of profiling?
Teaching Kids
Police Use of Force
The Non-Prosecution of Police Officers and the Blue Code?
The Militarization of the Police
Conclusion
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Internet Assignment
References
CHAPTER 5 THE COURT SYSTEM AND JUSTICE
Introduction
An overview
Counsel and bail
A look at bail: a snapshot
Counsel Today
Courtroom Workgroups
Do Minority Judges Make a Difference?
The Jury Pool
Conclusion
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
References
CHAPTER 6 IMAGES OF COLOR AND RACIALIZED JUSTICE
Introduction
Social Constructionism: Race and the Media
Black Crime, White Crime, or Crime
Driving While …
Jury Selection
Rape and Eyewitness Identification
Conclusion
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
References
CHAPTER 7 SENTENCING
Introduction
What is the status of sentencing in the United States?
A look at the research
The Issue of Bail
Are Hispanics Treated Differently?
Are Asian Americans treated differently?
Are African Americans Treated Differently?
Are Native Americans Treated Differently?
Re-entry Issues
The Influence of Michelle Alexander’s The New Jim Crow
The Use of Fines
Conclusion
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
References
CHAPTER 8 CAPITAL PUNISHMENT
Introduction
Early History
Race and Capital Punishment
Public Attitudes and the U.S. Supreme Court
Wrongful Conviction
The Marshall Hypothesis
What is the future of capital punishment?
Conclusion
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
References
CHAPTER 9 CORRECTIONS
Introduction
Race and Gender
Hispanics and Imprisonment
Race and Gender
The New Jim Crow
A Look at Probation and Parole
What about race and probation?
Key findings
Re-entry Issues
Conclusion
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
References
CHAPTER 10 JUVENILES, COLOR AND CRIME
Introduction
A Glimpse at the Juvenile Population
Juveniles as Victims
Juveniles as Offenders
Police Encounters
Intake Screening and Detention Decisions
Counsel and Representation
Justice by Geography
Minority Groups as Offenders
Court Decisions and Symbolic Threat
Conclusion
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Web Assignments
References
EPILOGUE
GLOSSARY
INDEX
Robert L. Bing III holds a Ph.D. in Criminology from Florida State University and an undergraduate degree in Sociology from the College of the Holy Cross, located in Worcester, MA. He is first chair of the Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, where he served for twelve years and again as Interim Chair in 2015 for one year. His research interest includes race, corrections, plea bargaining, crime and public policy, and criminal justice education. Prior to pursuing an academic career in criminal justice, Dr. Bing had served as Assistant Superintendent of Hillsborough House, a residential treatment facility for delinquent boys in Tampa Florida.
Dr. Bing has written over 35 refereed articles and or book chapters. He has coauthored a technical report for the federal government, co-edited a book titled Race and Crime, authored and edited Race, Crime and the Media (McGraw-Hill). He has also authored a textbook titled, Introduction to Criminal Justice: A Humanitarian Perspective (released 2016). Dr. Bing has also received numerous awards for his community service and involvement. Dr. Bing is a member of the European Society of Criminology, the American Society of Criminology, the Academy of Criminal Justice Services, and the Southwest Association of Criminal Justice. With respect to the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, he was a recent recipient of the Becky Tatum Excellence Award. Dr. Bing is former chair of the Section on Minorities and Women for the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences.
Dr. Bing is also former board member of Mothers Against Teen violence (MATV)—Project Rethink. As a board member he was instrumental in obtaining Michelle Alexander, Judge Gray and Carl Hart as banquet speakers for the organization. Dr. Bing continues to be active in the criminal justice community throughout the DFW metropolitan area, serving on the city of Arlington MLK Board, the Tarrant County Disproportionality and Disparities Advisory Committee, since 2012; he has also served on numerous ACJS executive committees.