Social Issues, Equality and Technology
Edition: 1
Copyright: 2024
Pages: 176
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This book explores social equality and justice issues in America’s political and economic life, in the creation and consumption of technology, and in the construction of identity. The book specifically examines structural inequality in the judicial system and the capitalist market system in the U.S. It also investigates social equality and justice concerns in the development of modern and emerging technologies, especially the internet, social media, AI and intelligent systems, nanotechnology, geoengineering, neurotechnology, and genetic engineering. Inequality issues are also analyzed in relation to the concepts of gender, racial, and national identity.
Chapter 1: Social Issues, the Sociological Perspective, and Technology
1.1 The Concept of Social Problems
1.2 Subjective and Objective Definitions of Social Problems
1.3 Critical Thinking and Self-Positioning
1.4 Social Problems That People Are Concerned About
1.5 Technology, Engineering, and Social Issues
Chapter 2: Equality and Structural Inequality
2.1 Moral Equality
2.2 The Concept of Equality: Justice, Freedom, and Distributive Equality
2.3 Democracy, Individual Autonomy, and Diversity
2.4 Structural Inequality: The U.S. Legal System
2.5 Mass Incarceration and Structural Inequality in the U.S. Judicial System
2.6 The Drug War and Racial Inequality
2.7 The Impact of Mass Incarceration
2.8 Conclusion
Chapter 3: Resource Distribution and Social Justice in Capitalist Market
3.1 Wealth Distribution in the United States
3.2 Wealth Inequality, Social Justice, and Income Inequality
3.3 Housing Segregation and Redlining
3.4 Redlining
3.5 Economic and Health Impact of Housing Segregation
3.6 Theories of Political Philosophy about Capitalism
3.7 Power Distribution in the Free Market and the Example of Environmental Justice
3.8 Conclusion
Chapter 4: Technology and the Society: Theories and Evaluating Frameworks
4.1 Science and Technology
4.2 The History of Technology
4.3 Technology Positivism
4.4 Humanities Philosophy, Social Constructivism, and Critical Theory of Technology
4.5 Ethics Theories and Technology
4.6 Frameworks for Evaluation of Technology
4.7 Conclusion
Chapter 5: Social Impact of and Ethics for Digital Technology and Intelligent Systems: The Internet, Social Media, AI, Algorithm, and Robots
5.1 The Internet: Its History and Impacts
5.2 Social Media.
5.3 Fake News, Echo Chamber, and Political Polarization
5.4 Bias in Algorithm and AI
5.5 Ethics for Robotics and Automated Machines
5.6 Conclusion
Chapter 6: Social Impact of and Ethics for Geoengineering, Nanotechnology, Neurotechnology, and Genetic Engineering
6.1 Geoengineering
6.2 Nanotechnology
6.3 Neuroscience and the Study of Human Subjectivity
6.4 Therapy and Beyond Therapy
6.5 Genetic Engineering and Its Social and Ethical Implications
6.6 Conclusion
Chapter 7: Gender Equality and the Tech World
7.1 The Gender Pay Gap
7.2 Women’s Participation in STEM
7.3 Stereotypes About Gender Difference in Math and STEM Capabilities
7.4 Gender Inequality in Family Responsibilities
7.5 Discrimination and Gender Inequality in STEM
7.6 The Glass Ceiling for Women
7.7 “Doing Gender” and Social Construction of Gender
7.8 Conclusion
Chapter 8: Race, Genetics, and the Social Construction of Identity
8.1 Race and the “Human Genome Project”
8.2 Race and Genetic Variations
8.3 Problems and Social Implications of Racial Categorization in Disease and Genetic Studies
8.4 Social Construction of Race
8.5 Social Construction of Identity
8.6 A Case of Racial Experience: Asian Americans and the “Model Minority” Stereotype
8.7 Conclusion
Chapter 9: Immigration and the American Identity
9.1 The Contribution of Immigrants in the United States
9.2 Attitudes toward Immigration and the American Identity
9.3 The Experience of Middle Eastern Immigrants in the United States
9.4 Conclusion