Trauma and Resilience in the Criminal Justice System will help criminal justice practitioners, as well as students, develop skills to be the most effective professionals possible by increasing awareness and pointing out places for empathy and change. Readers will examine the enforcement, court, and correctional systems to determine where trauma plays a destructive part. From the point of view of police, detectives, judges, jurors, attorneys, correctional and probation officers, prisoners, and others, the reader will learn the potentially harmful and sometimes devastating impacts of trauma. Readers will also learn from practicing criminal justice officials some potentially impactful actions they can take to build resilience. This book could lead to new perspectives and methods in improving the future of the criminal justice system.
CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Trauma and Resilience in the Criminal Justice Field
CHAPTER 2 Law Enforcement in the United States
History of Law Enforcement in the United States
Modern Day Local and State Law Enforcement
Training
Modern Day Federal Law Enforcement
Training
Discretion in Policing Portrayed
CHAPTER 3 The U.S. Court System
State Courts
State Trial Courts and Specialty Courts
Types of Crimes Covered
State Court of Appeals
State Supreme Court
Federal Courts
U.S. District Courts (Federal Trial Courts)
U.S. Magistrate Judges
U.S. Court of Appeals
U.S. Supreme Court
Court Actors
Judges
Prosecutors
Defense Attorneys
Private and Public Defenders
Who’s Left Out
The Criminal Court Process
Trauma Through the Court Process
CHAPTER 4 Corrections in the United States
History of Corrections in the United States
Modern Day Corrections
State and Local Corrections
Training
Federal Corrections
Training
CHAPTER 5 Trauma
Definition of Trauma
Different Types of Traumas
Differences Regarding Trauma Experienced by Children and Adults
Differences Regarding Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Vicarious Trauma
Emotional and Psychological Responses to Trauma
Physical Responses to Trauma
Physiological Changes from Trauma
Factors that Influence the Impact of Trauma
How Trauma Impacts Communities
Collective Trauma
Racial Trauma
Trauma in LGBTQ Communities
Trauma Impact
CHAPTER 6 Resilience
Definition and Types of Resilience
Developing Resilience
Resilience in Children
Trauma-Informed Care
Mindfulness-Based Interventions
Race-Based Trauma
Resilience from Racial Trauma
Resilience in LGBTQ Communities
Resilience Importance
CHAPTER 7 Trauma and Resilience in Law Enforcement
Individual Experiences with Trauma
Trauma in Offenders and Victims
Resilience in Offenders and Victims
Trauma in Law Enforcement Officers and Related Roles
Resilience in Law Enforcement Officers and Related Roles
Community Experiences with Trauma
Resilience in Communities
CHAPTER 8 Trauma and Resilience in the Courts
Trauma Faced by Offenders
Racial Inequalities Add to Trauma
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Questioning/Queer Youth and Youth of Color
Trauma Faced by Judges and Court Officials
Judges Mitigating Vicarious Trauma in Their Work
Trauma Faced by Lawyers
Prosecutors
Trauma-Informed Lawyers and Legal Practices
Trauma Faced by Jurors
Changes to Jury Systems to Minimize Trauma
Trauma Faced by Witnesses and Expert Witnesses
Forensics Experts
Trauma-Informed Courtrooms
Roadblocks to Building a Trauma-Informed Court
CHAPTER 9 Trauma and Resilience in Corrections
Individual Experiences with Trauma
Trauma in Offenders and Victims
Resilience in Offenders and Victims
Trauma in Correctional Officers (Community and Institutional)
Resilience in Correctional Officers
Community Experiences with Trauma
Resilience in Communities
CHAPTER 10 Conclusion
Index
Denise
Leifker
Denise R. Leifker received her Ph.D. in Criminal Justice from the University of Nebraska at Omaha in 2009. She has worked in all three aspects of the criminal justice field; law enforcement, courts, and corrections, and presently is an Associate Professor of Criminal Justice at Simpson College in Indianola, Iowa. In 2018, she was part of an evaluative study on the impact of Blue Courage training for law enforcement, facilitating the idea of officers being guardians instead of warriors and learning the importance of self-care. Her passion is in helping people be the best versions of themselves. She looks forward to the awareness being brought to the impact of trauma on the criminal justice system for those in it and those working in it and the light being shined on the vital importance of resiliency.
Carolyn
Dallinger
Carolyn Dallinger has served as a Professor of Criminal Justice, as a social worker for disabled children and abused women, as a supervisor of human rights investigators, and as a human rights attorney. She received her Ph.D. in Sociology from Iowa State University in 2015, her Juris Doctorate from Southern University in 1989, and her M.S.W. from University of Washington in 1983. In 2011, she received the Iowa Professor of the Year award in Washington D.C. from C.A.S.E. and Carnegie. Her passions are educating students about social justice issues and inequalities in the criminal justice field, and engaging students in service learning and making social change. She published her first book, Surviving Hurricane Katrina: One Family’s Story in 2011.