Religion has always been a hot topic in America, but until the past fifty years, it has mainly been on denominational lines—Roman Catholic v. Protestant, Methodist v. Baptist, Presbyterian v. Episcopalian, etc. Other religions were often regarded as safely “over there”—beyond the oceans. Of course, those who lived in large population centers such as New York City or Los Angeles knew differently. However, in recent decades, articles dealing with religions from A (Ahmeddiya Muslims) to Z (Zoroastrianism) are frequently found in “news” items on the Internet. This book will be examining those of a Western origin—Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, Islam, and some Islamic offshoots (particularly Baha’i). Those searching the Internet may be surprised to find meeting places of these religions in their own locale!
This book is designed as an introduction. Each chapter is worth many volumes, but it is hoped that the information here will open eyes and minds to what these groups believe. Each chapter has a do-it-yourself exam at the end, based on the information in the chapter. Those who like a good puzzle will hopefully enjoy this. There are also pictures in the text—some from Internet sites and some from my own collection. I have seen many of these places of worship, and it is hoped that the “personal” angle will make this book even easier to read—and that it will spark students’ own “bucket list.” Bon voyage!
About the Author
Introduction
CHAPTER 1: ZOROASTRIANISM
Problems
Ancient Persian Religion
Zarathustra
Zoroastrian Scriptures and Theology
Questions
Ethical Behavior
Ceremonial Ritual
Questions
Do-It-Yourself Test on Zoroastrianism
CHAPTER 2: JUDAISM
Biblical History
Part I: Scriptures and Early History
Questions
Part II: From the Exodus to the Babylonian Captivity
Questions
Part III: The Return from Exile
Part IV: Judaism in the First and Second Centuries CE
Part V: Medieval European Judaism
Sephardic Judaism
Ashkenazic Judaism
Part VI: The Holocaust
Part VII: Zionism
Part VIII: Religious Divisions in Judaism Today
Orthodox Judaism
Reform Judaism
Conservative Judaism
Hasidic Judaism
Reconstructionism
Messianic Judaism
Part IX: Jewish Holidays
Do-It-Yourself Test on Judaism
CHAPTER 3: CHRISTIANITY
Jesus
The New Testament (The Christian Scriptures)
The Church Up to the Fifth Century
The Church in the Middle Ages
The Church in the East
The Church in the West
The Protestant Reformation
Christianity in America
The Nineteenth Century
The Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries
Summary
Do-It-Yourself Test on Christianity
CHAPTER 4: ISLAM
Arabia before Islam
Muhammad
The Islamic Faith
Islamic Behavior
The Sunni-Shi’ite Split
Sufism
Islamic Expansion
The Caliphate
Islam and the Modern World
Islam and Women
Islam and the Arts
Do-It-Yourself Test on Islam
CHAPTER 5: ISLAMIC OFFSHOOTS
Sikhism
The Baha’i Faith
Do-It-Yourself Test on Islamic Offshoots
INDEX